Etiology of Childhood Obesity: A Longitudinal Study

描述（由申请人提供）：儿童肥胖症病因学（ECHO）研究的目的是使用社会生态学方法检查儿童肥胖症的病因，考虑个人、家庭、学校和社区水平的可能风险和保护因素。青春期肥胖与成年期心血管风险增加有关。大约60%的超重青少年有一个CVD危险因素，另外25%有一个以上的危险因素。我们将招募400名10至13岁的青少年及其亲生父母，进行测量并跟踪他们两年。我们的招募目标将包括有风险的年轻人，或者超重的年轻人（使用CDC生长曲线，BMI达到或超过85百分位数）以及那些在推荐体重范围内的年轻人，并将通过邮政编码进行抽样，以确保经济和种族/民族多样性。对青年的个别衡量标准将包括空腹血糖、血脂、人体测量、血压、社会心理、偏好和社会经济状况、与体重有关的家族史，包括儿童出生体重、早期喂养（母乳喂养等做法、肥胖症家族史和与肥胖症有关的慢性病）、家庭膳食和活动模式以及家庭食物和活动环境。我们将测量孩子亲生父母的身高、体重、腰围和臀围。对于研究中的每个青少年，我们将收集有关他们学校环境的数据，包括体育活动的机会，学校食堂和整个学校的食物选择，以及学校的食物和活动政策。将使用地理信息系统方法获得社区一级的测量结果，以评估致肥胖的环境因素，如每个青年家和学校附近的步行和自行车道、便利店和快餐店的存在。这项研究是及时和重要的，因为它将：1）在社会生态理论框架的指导下，在多个环境层次上确定致肥胖因素; 2）包括来自大型城市社区的不同青年样本; 3）关注可改变的风险和保护因素，并使用科学方法来测量它们; 4）由经验丰富的多学科研究团队指导; 5）为预防儿童肥胖的多层次干预提供必要的信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of the Etiology of Childhood Obesity (ECHO) study is to examine the etiology of childhood obesity using a socio-ecological approach considering possible risk and protective factors at individual, family, school, and neighborhood levels. Obesity in adolescence is related to increased cardiovascular risk in adulthood. Approximately 60% of overweight youth have one CVD risk factor and another 25% have more than one risk factor. We will recruit 400 youth between the ages of 10 and 13 and one of their biological parents, conduct measurements and follow them for two years. We will target our recruitment to include youth who are at risk for, or who are overweight (at or above the 85th percentile of BMI using the CDC growth curves) and those who are in the recommended weight range and will over sample by zip code to ensure economic and racial/ethnic diversity. Individual measures on youth will include fasting blood glucose, blood lipids, anthropometry, blood pressure, and psychosocial, preference and socioeconomic status, family history related to weight including child's birth weight, early feeding (practices such as breast-feeding, family history of obesity and obesity-related chronic disease), family meal and activity patterns, and the home food and activity environments. We will measure the height, weight, waist and hip circumference of both of the youth's biological parents. For each youth in the study, we will collect data on their school environment including opportunities for physical activity, food options available in the school cafeteria and throughout the school, and school food and activity policies. Neighborhood level measures will be obtained using Geographical Information System (GIS) methodologies to assess obesogenic environmental factors such as the presence of walking and bike paths, convenience stores and fast food restaurants proximal to each youth's home and school. This research is timely and important because it will: 1) identify obesogenic factors at multiple levels of the environment guided by a social-ecological theoretical framework; 2) include a diverse sample of youth from a large, urban community; 3)'focus on modifiable risk and protective factors and use state of the science methods to measure them; 4) be directed by an experienced and multidisciplinary team of investigators; and 5) provide essential information for multi-level interventions to prevent childhood obesity.