Energy density and Snacking: Understanding the drivers of satiation and satisfaction when mixing foods with different energy densities

在零食活动中吃的食物对我们每天的能量摄入量有很大贡献。这取决于在这些零食过程中所选择的食物，即所选食物的能量密度和所吃的份量，这可能会导致过量摄入卡路里。许多能量密度高的食物往往很受欢迎，如果大量食用，可能很容易被过度消费。缩小这些食物的尺寸已经显示出一些证据表明能量摄入减少了，特别是在实验室条件下。然而，在自由生活的条件下，当额外的混杂因素干扰时，结果就不那么令人信服了。食物满意度是影响进食的一个非常重要的因素，尤其是在吃零食的时候。这项工作的目的是通过将高能量食物与低能量密度食物相结合来解决零食事件的能量密度问题，同时保持高水平的满意度。对与食物组合相关的满意度驱动因素的理解将是这项工作的一部分。

Foods eaten during snacking events contribute significantly to our daily energy intake. Depending on the food choices made during these snacking episodes, i.e., the energy density of the selected foods and the portion size eaten, this can lead to excessive consumption of calories. Many foods that are high in energy density are often highly liked and may easily be overconsumed if presented in large portions. Downsizing of these foods has shown some evidence for a reduction in energy intake, especially in lab conditions. However, in free living conditions, when additional confounding factors interfere, results are less convincing. One highly important influence on eating episodes, especially during snacking, is food satisfaction. The aim of this work is to address the energy density of snacking events by combining high energy foods with low energy dense foods whilst retaining a high level of satisfaction. The understanding of the drivers of the satisfaction related to the food combinations will be part of this work.