Genetic and environmental risk factors for colorectal cancer: anatomic site specificity

大肠癌（结直肠癌）是澳大利亚人第二常见的癌症，并且越来越常见。尽管如此，仍然有很多不确定性是什么原因导致一些人患上这种癌症。我们认为，这种不确定性的产生是因为结肠和直肠的不同部分实际上有不同的癌症原因。这项研究的目的是收集1000名结直肠癌患者和1000名非结直肠癌患者的信息，并比较他们的基因组成、饮食和生活方式等各种因素。我们希望发现一些因素在肠道上部癌症患者中更常见，而其他因素在肠道下部癌症患者中更常见。这种信息可以用来设计预防结直肠癌的方案。例如，我们可能会建议人们多运动或多吃鱼，以减少患这种癌症的机会。

Cancer of the large bowel (colorectal cancer) is the second most common cancer in Australians and is becoming more common. Despite this, there is still much uncertainty about what causes some people to develop this cancer. We believe that some of this uncertainty arises because there are actually different causes of cancer for different sections of the colon and rectum. This study aims to collect information from 1000 people with colorectal cancer and 1000 people without colorectal cancer, and compare various factors such as their genetic makeup, diet, AND lifestyle. We expect to find that some factors are more common in people with cancer in the upper parts of the bowel, while other factors are more common in people with cancer in the lower parts of the bowel. This kind of information can be used to design programs to prevent colorectal cancer. For example, we might advise people to exercise more or eat more fish in order to decrease their chances of developing this cancer.