Causal and Nonlinear Models of Cancer Risk Among Autoworkers

描述（由申请人提供）。-金属加工液（MWF）是一种复杂的混合物，广泛用于汽车制造、航空航天和各种其他工业，作为润滑剂和冷却剂。尽管在油基液体中存在已知的致癌物质，如氯化化合物和多环芳烃，在水基液体中存在乙醇胺和亚硝胺，但在国际上，人类的接触仍在增加。1998年，为响应国家职业安全与健康研究所关于降低接触限度的建议，职业安全与健康管理局将MWF列入其优先考虑的物质清单，但从未发布正式的指导方针。2004年，美国国家毒理学计划（NIEHS）宣布了对MWF进行长期动物试验的计划，以帮助解决持续接触MWF所带来的致癌风险的不确定性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant).- Metalworking fluids (MWF) are complex mixtures widely used in motor vehicle manufacturing, aerospace and a variety of other industries as lubricants and coolants. Human exposure is increasing internationally despite the presence of known carcinogens, such as chlorinated compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in oil-based fluids, and ethanolamines and nitrosamines in water-based fluids. In response to a recommendation by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health for reduced exposure limits in 1998, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration added MWF to its list of priority substances for consideration, but formal guidelines were never issued. In 2004, the National Toxicology Program (NIEHS) announced plans for long-term animal testing of MWF to help address lingering uncertainty regarding the carcinogenic risk posed by ongoing exposures.