MRI-mediated radiofrequency ablation

描述(由申请人提供)：拟议项目的目标是开发一种用于核磁共振扫描仪的射频消融技术。除了为手术提供图像指导外，扫描仪还将通过使用其自身的射频传输来提供消融机制，以调节组织加热和凝固。该项目的具体目标是：展示在扫描期间利用核磁共振扫描仪的固有射频传输产生的能量沉积以产生足够的热量进行消融的可行性；进行数值和实验研究，以确定利用扫描仪的射频传输在核磁共振引导下进行消融的最佳解决方案；开发一个独立的射频消融和产生可控热能的成像原型；以及进行技术实验和动物研究，以展示该探头在局部磁共振成像的同时消融组织的能力。设想的临床产品将是一种一次性、自给自足的消融探头，可以在任何MRI扫描仪上使用，用于各种临床应用。利用美国近10,000台扫描仪的庞大安装基础，这项新技术将为全国公众提供一种先进的微创技术，用于各种临床程序，包括切除各种肿瘤(肝、肺、乳腺、前列腺、肾脏)。这项技术将通过Robin Medical，Inc.和马萨诸塞州总医院的一个团队的合作开发，该公司将开发新的消融设备，该团队将支持对该概念的不同潜在实施例的初步分析，以及使用设备原型的实验工作。拟议的项目旨在开发一种基于磁共振成像(MRI)来指导和进行手术的消融(加热)技术。一方面，核磁共振成像是产生医学图像以指导射频消融的最佳手段，另一方面，由于核磁共振扫描仪在美国各地都有广泛的公共可访问性，这项技术将使全国范围内都能获得射频消融。由于这种微创手术通常是作为门诊手术进行的，它取代了开放的外科手术，因此可能有助于降低医疗保健系统的费用，并有助于降低风险、减少不适和加快患者的康复。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The objective of the proposed project is to develop an RF ablation technique for use with MRI scanners. In addition to providing image-guidance to the procedure, the scanner will also provide the ablation mechanism through the use of its own radio-frequency (RF) transmission to mediate tissue heating and coagulation. The specific aims of the project are: to demonstrate the feasibility of using energy deposition from native RF transmission of MRI scanner during scan to create sufficient heat for issue ablation; to conduct numerical and experimental studies to define the optimal solution for MRI- guided ablation by the use of RF transmission by the scanner; to develop a self- contained prototype for RF ablation and imaging with controllable heat generation; and to conduct technical experiments and animal studies to demonstrate the ability of the probe to ablate tissues simultaneously with local MR imaging. The envisioned clinical product will be a disposable, self-contained, ablation probe that can be used on any MRI scanner for various clinical applications. Using the large installed base of close to 10,000 scanners in the USA, the new technology will provide a nation-wide public access to an advanced, minimally invasive technology for various clinical procedures, including ablation of various tumors (liver, lung, breast, prostate, kidney). The technology will be developed through collaboration between Robin Medical, Inc., that will develop the new ablation device, and a team at the Massachusetts General Hospital that will support the initial analysis of the different potential embodiments of the concept and the experimental work with the device prototypes. The proposed project aims to develop an ablation (heating) technique that is based on the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to guide and to conduct the procedure. As MRI is the best means to produce medical images to guide RF (radiofrequency energy) ablation on one hand, and as there is wide public accessibility to MRI scanners throughout the USA on the other hand, this technology will enable nation-wide access to RF ablation. Because this minimally invasive procedure is typically done as an outpatient procedure, it replaces open surgical procedures, and thus may help to decrease the expenses of the healthcare system and to contribute to lower risk, reduced discomfort and speedier recovery of patients.