Longitudinal Effects of Sleep Problems on Cognition

描述(由申请人提供)：与睡眠相关的认知问题会导致事故、工作和工作表现不佳、决策能力差以及其他严重问题。此前的研究支持睡眠问题会影响认知功能这一普遍结论，但也有证据表明，睡眠问题对某些认知功能的影响比其他功能更大。然而，具体的损伤模式在不同的研究中是不一致的，可能是因为不太理想的个体认知测量。此外，该领域缺乏对一般和特定睡眠问题的发展模式及其认知协变量和后遗症的系统分析。该项目的具体目标是(1)确定睡眠问题的发育模式；(2)明确睡眠问题的病因，包括遗传和环境对稳定和变化的贡献；以及(3)确定发育和同时存在的睡眠问题对不同认知功能的影响。这些目标将通过将以前没有应用于这些问题的统计技术应用于现有的纵向数据来实现，这些数据来自一项大规模研究，该研究对462对双胞胎从婴儿期到成年早期进行了检查。具体地说，我们将使用4至16岁父母评定的睡眠问题的潜在班级增长曲线模型来探索睡眠问题的发展，并确定不同的模式(例如，持续性与暂时性)。然后，我们将应用这些发育模式的遗传模型以及个别时间点的问题来确定这些问题的病因。最后，我们将使用多种可分离执行功能和其他认知能力的潜在变量认知能力结果测量，来检验发育问题的认知结果以及最近对睡眠习惯的自我评级。我们还将研究睡眠问题对教师在整个发展过程中的注意力和思维问题的影响。这些建议的分析将导致更全面和更强大的睡眠问题和认知功能模型。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Sleep-related cognitive problems can result in accidents, deficient job and work performance, poor decision making, and other serious problems. Previous research supports the general conclusion that sleep problems influence cognitive functioning, but evidence also indicates sleep problems affect some cognitive functions more than others. However, specific patterns of impairments are inconsistent across studies, possibly because of less than optimal individual cognitive measures. Moreover, the field lacks a systematic analysis of developmental patterns of general and specific Sleep problems and their cognitive covariates and sequelae. The specific aims of this project are to (1) identify developmental patterns in sleep problems; (2) specify the etiology of sleep problems, including genetic and environmental contributions to stability and change; and (3) determine the effect of developmental and concurrent sleep problems on different cognitive functions. These goals will be addressed through application of statistical techniques, not previously applied to these issues, to existing longitudinal data from a large-scale study of 462 twin pairs examined from infancy through early adulthood. Specifically, we will use latent class growth curve models of parent-rated sleep problems from ages 4 to 16 to explore the development of sleep problems and identify different patterns (e.g., persistent vs. transient). We will then apply genetic models of these developmental patterns as well as problems at individual time points to specify the etiology of these problems. Finally, we will examine the cognitive outcomes of developmental problems as well as recent self-ratings of sleep habits, using latent- variable cognitive ability outcome measures of multiple separable executive functions and other cognitive abilities. We will also examine the effect of sleep problems on teacher-rated attention and thought problems throughout development. These proposed analyses will result in more comprehensive and powerful models of sleep problems and cognitive function.