Antimicrobial Nanocoating

描述(由申请人提供)：医院内(医院获得性)感染是卫生保健行业面临的最严重问题之一。在美国每年报告的约200万医院获得性感染中，约有一半与导管、输尿管支架、中心线和其他经皮装置有关，这些装置为微生物追踪更深层次的组织提供了支撑面。一种典型的感染可能需要每个患者高达4.7万美元的治疗费用。尽管支架和导管等侵入性医疗器械是在最无菌的条件下预先消毒和插入或植入的，但生物膜生长、结痂和随后的感染是最常见的失败模式。能够使这些设备固有地抵抗生物膜形成和结垢的涂层可以显著降低感染和不必要疾病的发生率，允许更好地利用医疗资源，降低医疗成本，并拯救生命。结垢的原因是设备表面的生物膜中含有矿物质。这些沉淀物阻碍了引流；是有毒的细菌储存库；并增加了局部组织对感染的敏感性。事实证明，抗生素策略在防止支架和导管的生物被膜形成和结垢方面作用不大。制造抗菌表面的一种技术是涂覆一层涂层，当暴露在潮湿中时，该涂层能够释放金属离子。抗菌银离子在体内使用特别有用，因为它们不会被人体大量吸收。在第一阶段，Bright ton Technologies Group开发并表征了一种新型的抗菌纳米涂层(AMNC)，该涂层基于气相沉积含银盐聚合物，有效地抑制了多种微生物的生物膜形成。第二阶段将扩大这些成果，以创造一种抗菌表面，通过以下方式抑制生物膜的形成和在支架和留置导管等医疗设备上结垢：1.开发将这些薄膜沉积在输尿管支架、Foley导管和输尿管导管等泌尿设备上的技术。2.评价AMNC的重要特性，如疏水性/亲水性、摩擦系数、附着力和耐磨性。3.发展AMNC的活性和有效寿命的预测知识，作为结构和组成的函数。4.启动体内性能和生物相容性评估。据报道，美国每年约有200万例医院获得性感染，其中9万例死亡。减少传染病在医疗机构和一般社区内的传播最终将转化为拯救生命、提高生产率和改善数百万人的生活质量。布莱顿科技集团公司的S抗菌纳米涂层旨在使医疗设备和手接触表面实现自消毒，从而消除一些最常见的感染传播渠道。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Nosocomial (hospital acquired) infections represent one of the most severe problems facing the health care industry. Of the approximately two million hospital acquired infections reported annually in this country, about half are associated with catheters, ureteral stents, central lines and other percutaneous devices that provide a support surface for organisms to track into deeper tissue. A typical infection can cost as much as $47,000 per patient to treat. Although invasive medical devices such as stents and catheters are pre-sterilized and inserted or implanted under the most sterile conditions available; biofilm growth, encrustation, and subsequent infection are the most common mode of failure. Coatings that could render these devices inherently resistant to biofilm formation and encrustation could significantly reduce the incidence of infections and unnecessary illness, allow better use of health care resources, reduce healthcare costs, and save lives. Encrustation results from mineral incorporation into biofilms on device surfaces. These deposits inhibit drainage; are virulent bacterial reservoirs; and increase susceptibility of the local tissues to infection. Antibiotic strategies have proven to be of little value in preventing biofilm formation and encrustation of stents and catheters. One technique for producing antimicrobial surfaces is to apply a coating which is capable of releasing metal ions when exposed to moisture. Antimicrobial silver ions are particularly useful for in vivo use due to the fact that they are not substantially absorbed into the body. In Phase I, Brighton Technologies Group developed and characterized a novel antimicrobial nanocoating (AMNC) based on gas-phase deposition of a silver salt-containing polymer that effectively inhibits biofilm formation for a wide range of microorganisms. Phase II will extend these results to create an antimicrobial surface that will inhibit biofilm formation and encrustation on medical devices such as stents and indwelling catheters through: 1. Developing techniques for depositing these films on urinary devices such as ureteral stents, Foley catheters, and ureteral catheters. 2. Evaluating important AMNC characteristics such as hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity, coefficient of friction, adhesion and wear resistance. 3. Developing predictive knowledge of activity and effective lifetime of AMNC's as a function of structure and composition. 4. Initiating in vivo performance and biocompatibility evaluations. Approximately two million hospital-acquired infections are reported annually in the USA, 90,000 of which result in death. Reducing the spread of infectious diseases within healthcare facilities, and in the general community would ultimately translate to saving lives, increasing productivity, and improving the quality of life for millions. Brighton Technologies Group, Inc.'s Antimicrobial Nanocoating is designed to render medical device and hand-contact surfaces self-sterilizing to eliminate some the most common conduits for infection transmission.