OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA AMONG OBESE TEENS AND PRETEENS

这个子项目是利用由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和调查员(PI)可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可能会出现在其他CRISE条目中。列出的机构是针对中心的，而不一定是针对调查员的机构。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)发生在总人口的1-3%，与幼儿和老年人的日间认知和行为缺陷(神经行为缺陷)有关。人们对OSA对青少年的影响知之甚少，他们在神经发育、睡眠行为和社会环境方面与这些群体不同。从治疗的角度来看，青少年也是独一无二的，因为OSA对他们的治疗通常需要患者的依从性，但他们往往对医学指令的依从性很差。在这一人群中，肥胖是阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的主要风险因素。即便如此，人们对肥胖青少年和青春期前OSA相关神经行为缺陷的性质或可逆性知之甚少。这项研究将检验这一假设，即肥胖青少年和青春期前的OSA与神经行为发病率有关。这将通过检查200名肥胖参与者的数据来实现，每个人都将接受睡眠和神经行为功能的全面评估。另一组20-25名苗条的青少年也将接受评估。这项研究将进一步确定一种非手术呼吸道治疗--持续气道正压治疗(CPAP)对患有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的肥胖青少年的即刻和长期神经行为影响。在接受临床CPAP治疗时，将对患有OSA的肥胖青少年亚组进行跟踪，然后将其与没有接受呼吸道治疗的匹配的OSA亚组进行比较。完成后，这项研究将阐明睡眠和神经行为功能之间的关系，在研究不足的高危人群中，并为该人群中OSA的检测和治疗提供信息。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Occurring in 1-3% of the general population, Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) has been associated with daytime cognitive and behavioral deficits ("neurobehavioral deficits") in young children and in older adults. Little is known about the effect of OSA in adolescents, who differ from these groups in neurodevelopment, sleep behaviors and social context. Adolescents are also unique from a treatment perspective, because OSA treatment for them typically requires patient adherence, yet they often display poor adherence to medical directives. Within this population, obesity is a major risk factor for OSA. Even so, little is known about the nature or reversibility of the neurobehavioral deficits associated with OSA among obese teens and preteens. This study will test the hypothesis that OSA among obese teens and preteens is associated with neurobehavioral morbidity. This will be accomplished via examination of data from 200 obese participants, each of whom will undergo comprehensive evaluations of sleep and neurobehavioral functioning. A comparison group of 20-25 lean adolescents will also be assessed. The study will further determine the immediate and long-term neurobehavioral effect of a non-surgical airway treatment, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), on obese adolescents with OSA. A subgroup of obese adolescents with OSA will be followed as they receive clinical CPAP treatment, then compared to a matched subgroup without OSA who are not receiving an airway treatment. Upon completion, the study will clarify the relationships between sleep and neurobehavioral functioning in an understudied high-risk group, and to inform detection and treatment of OSA in this population.