The genome sequence for the potato cyst nematode Globodera pallida and its utilisation for improved control

该项目的目的是通过获得和利用完整的基因组序列，为马铃薯孢囊线虫的新防治和加强害虫管理奠定基础。英国土豆协会估计，英国土豆的生产、加工和零售市场每年价值30亿英镑。而马铃薯胞囊线虫(PCN)、罗氏球囊线虫(Globodera Rostochiens)和苍白球囊线虫(G.pallida)是该行业最重要的经济问题。它们出现在英国65%的土豆土地上，其中92%的地点出现了苍白球虫。PCN给英国马铃薯种植者带来了超过5000万英镑的年成本，并威胁到许多种植者的作物未来。自20世纪50年代中期以来，抗病育种几乎没有产生出商业上可以接受的抗灰霉病品种。由于成本、环境和健康问题，目前使用的化学控制方法面临越来越大的压力，目前使用的化合物没有无害的替代品。控制苍白球虫是维持英国生产竞争力的基本要求。例如，消费者对不含农药残留的食品的需求导致WaitRose从没有接受过杀线虫处理的作物中采购所有土豆(www.waitrose.com)。这需要从PCN发病率较低的国家进口，或者需要在英国建立更广泛的农业体系。消费者可能会支持英国的产品，避免农药残留或环境损害，并牢固地基于可持续的方法。这一提议为实现这一结果所需的创新奠定了基础。在接下来的5年里，惠康信托桑格研究所将开展一项针对线虫和其他蠕虫的大型基因组测序计划，这些线虫是人类或兽医重要的寄生虫。WTSI愿意对这种植物寄生线虫进行测序，用于比较基因组学研究。基因鉴定将从头开始并通过实验分析进行。拟议工作的科学成果将与植物线虫学家和更广泛的科学界相关。一个G.pallida基因组序列将使英国植物线虫学社区保持国际竞争力，并将使我们能够与其他领域的研究人员建立新的合作联系，包括植物发育、分子植物病理学和抗性进化。该提议得到了广泛的支持。英国土豆理事会将独立支持与该项目相一致的研究生案例奖励。其他支持从工业界和科学界的支持信中可见一斑。

The aim of this project is to define bases for novel control and enhanced pest management of the potato cyst nematode, Globodera pallida by obtaining and utilising the full genome sequence. The British Potato Council estimates the UK potato production, processing and retail markets to be worth c. £3 billion p.a. and the potato cyst nematodes (PCN), Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida, are the most economically important nematode problems of this industry. They occur in 65% of UK potato land with G. pallida present at 92% of these sites. PCN impose an annual cost in excess of £50 million on UK potato growers and threaten the future of the crop for many growers. Breeding for resistance since the mid 1950s has produced few commercially acceptable varieties with resistance to G. pallida. Currently used chemical control methods are under increasing pressure due to cost, environmental and health concerns and there are no benign alternatives to the currently used compounds. Control of G. pallida is an essential requirement to maintain the competitiveness of U.K. production. For example, the consumer demand for food with no pesticide residues has resulted in Waitrose sourcing all its potatoes from crops that have not received a nematicide treatment (www.waitrose.com). This requires imports from countries with a lower PCN incidence or requires a more extensive agricultural system in the UK. Consumer support is likely for UK produce that avoids pesticide residues or environmental harm and is soundly based on a sustainable approach. This proposal underpins the innovation needed to reach that outcome. Over the next 5 years, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute will undertake a major genome sequencing programme aimed at nematodes and other helminths that are human or veterinary-important parasites. WTSI is willing to sequence this plant parasitic nematode for comparative genomic studies. Gene identification will be carried out ab initio and by experimental analysis. The scientific outputs of the proposed work will be of relevance to plant nematologists and to the wider scientific community. A G. pallida genome sequence will allow the UK plant nematology community to remain internationally competitive and will enable new collaborative links to be built with researchers working in other fields including plant development, molecular plant pathology and evolution of resistance. The proposal has broad support. The British Potato Council will independently support CASE awards for postgraduate students that will be aligned with the project. Other support is evident from the letters of support from both industry and the scientific community.