CONTAMINANTS AND NUTRIENTS IN ALASKAN SUBSISTENCE FOODS: STRIKING A BALANCE

这个子项目是许多利用 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 从以生存为基础的生活方式向更西方的生活方式的转变，增加了世界各地土著人口的慢性病负担;据推测，阿拉斯加土著人也发生了这种现象。 虽然一些好处是已知的与消费传统食品，对环境污染物的日益关注可能会威胁到他们的摄入量。本研究以综合方式测量营养素和污染物，利用实际食用的食品，并评估不同制备方法导致的食品成分变化。这项研究是必要的，以提供有关污染物和营养素的平衡信息，并提供必要的信息，以开发一个综合的，定量的模型，公共卫生官员将能够利用有效的干预措施。拟议研究的总体目标是评估几种关键生存食品的营养成分和污染物负荷。 具体目标： 1.通过测量营养指标[即，必需元素、各种脂肪酸（ω-3和ω-6，以及反式脂肪酸）]，和选择的污染物（即，有机卤素，汞）; 2.根据选定成分的浓度评估营养素和污染物摄入量，使用最大暴露的监管指南，并评估最低消费率，以满足最低或建议的营养素摄入量。 拟议研究的长期目标是开发一个概念模型，用于评估阿拉斯加生存食品中污染物和营养物质的风险和益处。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. A shift from a subsistence-based lifestyle to a more Western one has been implicated in increasing the burden of chronic disease among indigenous populations around the world; this phenomenon is hypothesized to be occurring among Alaska Natives as well. Although several benefits are known to be associated with consumption of traditional foods, an increased concern for environmental contaminants may threaten their intake. This study measures nutrients and contaminants in an integrated fashion, utilizing the actual food products consumed and evaluates changes in the composition of foods as a result of different preparation methods. This research is necessary to provide balanced information regarding contaminants and nutrients and to provide the information needed to develop an integrated, quantitative model that public health officials will be able to utilize for effective interventions. The overall aim of the proposed research is to evaluate the nutrient composition and contaminant load of several key subsistence foods. Specific aims: 1. Examine differences in raw vs. "as consumed" subsistence foods by documenting changes caused by food processing by measuring nutrient indicators [i.e., essential elements, various fatty acids (omega-3 and -6, and trans fatty acids)], and select contaminants (i.e., organohalogens, mercury); 2. Assess nutrient and contaminants intake based on concentrations of select components using regulatory guidelines for maximum exposure, and assessing minimum consumption rates to meet minimum or suggested nutrient intakes. The long term objective of the proposed research is to develop a conceptual model for assessing risks and benefits of contaminants and nutrients in Alaska subsistence foods.