Mechanisms of Virus Replication and Gene Expression

描述（由申请人提供）：病毒学研究需要的不仅仅是对人类病原体的集中了解。它需要对感染宿主的病毒有全面的了解，宿主从简单的真核生物到复杂的多细胞生物。对病毒学广度的更全面的理解有望提供控制人类以及动物和植物中令人困惑和毁灭性疾病所需的工具。知识获取的实质性步骤需要学生准备从不同的系统，包括模型系统综合数据的程序。马里兰州大学病毒学项目成员研究的系统包括艾滋病毒、流感、乳头瘤病毒、痘病毒等重要的人类病原体。西尼罗河病毒、杯状病毒、朊病毒、类病毒、真菌低病毒以及模式植物病毒烟草花叶病毒和芜菁皱缩病毒。在我们的培训计划的核心是14个资金雄厚的研究人员公认为领导者在各自领域的细胞生物学和分子遗传学系，马里兰州-弗吉尼亚州地区兽医，马里兰州生物技术研究所生物系统研究中心，NIH，NCI和美国农业部。我们的教师带来了非常广泛的专业知识，从细胞和分子生物学到基因组学和进化，从生物化学到纳米技术和疫苗开发受训者通过创新的轮换，分子和细胞生物学，信号转导，病毒学和发病机制，期刊俱乐部的高级课程，参加每月的小组会议和年度务虚会，这种培训，沿着国家的最先进的研究项目，培养学员的职业重点是打击当前和新出现的威胁人类健康的病毒。此更新申请要求五个研究生实习的财政支持。通过将这种支持与赠款和校内基金相结合，将在五年内培训20多名博士预科生。所要求的支助将侧重于吸引即将入学的学生和最后几年的学生。我们致力于为积极性高的学生提供这种特殊的培训体验，并特别与少数民族联系，这将极大地丰富全球公共卫生影响的潜力。 相关性：病毒感染几乎所有的生命形式，是导致一些人类癌症的原因，并且是可以引起世界范围流行病的致病因子。如果利用得当，病毒也可以成为剖析细胞过程的强大研究工具。该培训提案寻求继续支持培训病毒学家，以应对所有病毒共同的研究挑战，包括制定保护人类，动物和植物免受病毒疾病影响的战略，以提高人们的生活质量。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Research in Virology requires more than a focused understanding of human pathogens. It requires comprehensive knowledge of viruses that infect hosts ranging from simple eukaryotes to complex multicellular organisms. A more comprehensive understanding of the breadth of Virology promises to provide the tools needed to control perplexing and devastating diseases in humans, as well as animals and plants. Substantive steps in knowledge acquisition require programs that prepare students to synthesize data from diverse systems, including model systems. The systems studied by University of Maryland Virology Program members include such important human pathogens as HIV, influenza, papillomavirus, poxvirus. West Nile, caliciviruses, as well as prions, viroids, fungal hypoviruses, and the model plant viruses Tobacco mosaic virus and Turnip crinkle virus. At the core of our training program are 14 well-funded investigators recognized as leaders in their fields from the Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Maryland-Virginia Regional Vet Medicine, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute Center for Biosystems Research, NIH, NCI, and USDA. Our faculty bring an extraordinarily broad range of expertise, from cellular and molecular biology to genomics and evolution, and from biochemistry to nanotechnology and vaccine development Trainees progress through innovative rotations, advanced courses in molecular and cellular biology, signal transduction, virology, and pathogenesis, journal clubs, attend monthly group meetings and a yearly retreat This training, along with state-of-the-art research projects, prepare trainees for careers centered on combating current and emerging viruses that threaten human health. This renewal application requests financial support for five graduate student traineeships. By combining this support with funds available through grants and intramural funds, over 20 pre-doctoral students will be trained in a five year period. The requested support will focus on attracting incoming students and students in their final years. We are committed to offering this exceptional training experience to highly-motivated students, with a special outreach to minorities, who will greatly enrich the potential for a global public health impact. RELEVANCE: Viruses infect nearly all life forms, are responsible for some human cancers, and are devastative disease agents that can cause world-wide pandemics. When properly harnessed, viruses can also be powerful research tools for dissecting cellular processes. This training proposal seeks continued support for training virologists prepared to meet research challenges common to all viruses- which include developing strategies to protect humans, animals, and plants from viral diseases to improve the quality of people's lives.