Insecticide Resistance in Anopheles minimus Mosquitoes

描述（由申请人提供）：疟疾是中国的一个重大公共卫生问题。拟除虫菊酯浸渍的蚊帐和室内喷洒拟除虫菊酯是控制疟疾病媒的主要工具。然而，拟除虫菊酯的广泛使用已导致蚊子种群出现和传播抗药性。杀虫剂耐药性严重阻碍了中国和世界范围内疟疾控制的努力。本研究将重点研究中国南方一种重要的疟疾媒介——小按蚊c的抗性机制。中心假设是敲除抗性（kdr）和代谢性解毒共同赋予了安蚊对拟除虫菊酯的抗性。因此，蚊子对拟除虫菊酯的抗性水平取决于KDR基因和单加氧酶活性的突变。将确定自然种群中的kdr基因多态性，并研究kdr突变、单加氧酶活性与拟除虫菊酯抗性表型之间的相关性。该研究将为开发基于分子或生物化学的耐药诊断工具奠定重要基础。该研究将培养一名博士生和一名博士后，并加强南京医科大学分子昆虫学实验室的研究能力。本研究将作为NIH拨款R01 AI050243-07的延伸进行。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Malaria is a major public health problem in China. Pyrethroid-impregnated bed nets and indoor spray with pyrethroids are the main malaria vector control tools. However, the wide use of pyrethroids has resulted in the emergence and spread of resistance in mosquito populations. Insecticide resistance has significantly hindered the efforts of malaria control in China and worldwide. This application will focus on resistance mechanisms in an important malaria vector in Southern China, Anopheles minimus C. The central hypothesis is that both knockdown resistance (kdr) and metabolic detoxification confer resistance to pyrethroids in An. minimus, and consequently, the resistance level of a mosquito to pyrethroids is contingent on mutations in kdr gene and monooxygenase activity. The kdr gene polymorphism in natural populations will be determined, and correlations between the kdr mutations, monooxygenase activity with pyrethroid resistance phenotype will be examined. This research will play an important foundation for the development of molecular- or biochemically-based resistance diagnosis tools in this important malaria vector species in China and Southeast Asia. The proposed research will contribute to building research capacity in China by training one Ph.D. student and one postdoc fellow and strengthen the molecular entomology laboratory at the Nanjing Medical University. This research will be conducted as an extension of NIH grant R01 AI050243-07. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This application focuses on resistance mechanisms in the most important malaria vector in Southern China, Anopheles minimus C. Understanding the resistance mechanisms will play an important foundation for the development of new resistance diagnosis tools. Further, this research will contribute to building research capacity in medical entomology in China by providing research training for one Ph.D. student and one postdoc fellow, and strengthen the molecular entomology laboratory in Nanjing Medical University.