Circadian Timing, Sleep, and Adiposity

描述（由申请人提供）：这是一个名为“昼夜节律，睡眠和肥胖”的指导患者导向研究职业发展奖的申请，由凯利·格雷泽·巴伦博士提交，博士，公共卫生硕士，继续她作为睡眠和昼夜节律临床研究人员的专业发展。肥胖是美国最大的健康问题之一，睡眠和昼夜节律紊乱被认为是导致肥胖的原因之一。睡眠时间短和睡眠质量差已被证明会影响新陈代谢和调节饥饿感和饱腹感的激素。此外，昼夜节律紊乱，如倒班工作，与体重增加、代谢综合征风险增加、饮食和锻炼行为不佳有关。目前还不清楚昼夜节律的个体差异在多大程度上导致了非轮班工人的肥胖。这项研究将测试昼夜节律的时间，以及昼夜节律和睡眠与肥胖、饮食行为和身体活动之间的一致性。这项研究的结果可能会导致新的干预措施，预防和治疗肥胖。Baron博士是一名临床健康心理学家，专攻行为睡眠医学。她的研究重点是睡眠障碍人群的健康行为，包括阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的治疗依从性和失眠治疗的结果。她通过评估有正常和延迟睡眠时间偏好的个体的饮食行为，积累了她在昼夜节律研究方面的知识和经验。该奖项提出的项目建立在巴伦博士之前的研究基础上，该研究通过客观测量昼夜节律和探索昼夜节律与睡眠不一致的影响，证明了偏好晚睡的人摄入的卡路里更多。她的长期目标是成为昼夜节律在新陈代谢和体重调节中的作用方面的专家，了解这种关系的生物学和社会方面。巴伦博士希望，这项工作将通过新的机制，比如通过行为改变、光线和褪黑激素来改变昼夜节律，从而导致预防和治疗肥胖的干预措施。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application for a Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award entitled "Circadian Timing, Sleep, and Adiposity" is being submitted by Dr. Kelly Glazer Baron, PhD, MPH, to continue her professional development as a clinical researcher in sleep and circadian rhythms. Obesity is one of the nation's greatest health problems and sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances are thought to play a role in the development of obesity. Short sleep duration and poor sleep quality have been shown to affect metabolism and the hormones that regulate hunger and satiety. In addition, disrupted circadian rhythms, such as in shift work, have been associated with weight gain, increased risk for metabolic syndrome, poorer diet and exercise behavior. At this point, it is not known to what degree individual differences in circadian timing contribute to obesity in non-shift workers. This study will test the timing of circadian rhythms and also the alignment between circadian rhythms and sleep with measures of adiposity, dietary behavior, and physical activity. Results of this study may lead to new interventions for the prevention and treatment of obesity. Dr. Baron is a Clinical Health Psychologist with a specialty in Behavioral Sleep Medicine. Her research has focused on health behaviors in sleep disorders populations, including treatment adherence in obstructive sleep apnea and outcomes of insomnia treatment. She has been building her knowledge and experience with circadian rhythms research through evaluating dietary behavior in individuals with normal and delayed sleep timing preferences. The project proposed in this award builds on Dr. Baron's prior research demonstrating greater calorie intake in those with a preference for later sleep timing by objectively measuring circadian rhythms and also exploring the effects of misalignment between circadian rhythms and sleep. Her long term goals are to become an expert on the role of circadian rhythms in metabolism and weight regulation, with understanding of both the biological and social aspects of this relationship. It is Dr. Baron's hope that this work will lead to interventions to prevent and treat obesity through new mechanisms, such as shifting circadian rhythms using behavioral changes, light and melatonin.