FASEB SRC on Mobile DNA in Mammalian Genomes

描述(由申请者提供)：为将于2009年7月5-10日在科罗拉多州斯诺马斯举行的第四届和第五届FASEB夏季会议“哺乳动物基因组中的移动元素”申请部分支持。会议的目的是让对移动DNA有共同兴趣的不同研究人员聚集在一起，讨论移动元素如何影响并继续影响哺乳动物基因组的功能表达和进化的最新进展。该计划包括移动DNA的方方面面，包括对哺乳动物转座子的生物信息学、生化、进化和群体遗传学研究，以及利用可转座子进行饱和突变和基因传递的工作。比较基因组学为DNA在进化过程中的扩增、抑制和灭绝提供了强有力的证据。1000基因组计划以及大量关于移动元件与表观遗传学和基因网络的关联的新研究是今年会议的一个特别亮点。这次及时的会议将促进在这个快速发展的领域中的学生、博士后实习生和初级和高级主要研究人员之间分享令人兴奋的新发现、实验挑战和悬而未决的问题。这在一个不符合孟德尔遗传原理的领域特别有价值，例如流动元素，因此在分析和方法方面有独特的需求。 与公共卫生相关：流动元素在塑造哺乳动物基因组的结构和功能方面已经并将继续发挥重要作用。逆转录转座插入整个基因组可导致基因中断、相邻基因的表达改变和相邻DNA的转导。最近的研究表明，这一过程在人类人口中正在积极地继续下去。这些散布的重复序列可能产生新的调控网络，或为错配序列的同源重组提供底物，导致基因复制、缺失、外显子改组和染色体易位。人类基因组中移动DNA的存在和运动引起的所有动态事件都可能导致疾病，包括减数分裂失败和不育，遗传性疾病如血友病和肌肉营养不良，以及躯体疾病如乳腺癌和结肠癌。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Partial support is requested for the fourth and fifth FASEB Summer Conferences, "Mobile Elements in Mammalian Genomes" which will be held in Snowmass, CO, July 5-10, 2009. The objective of the meeting is to bring together a diverse group of investigators with a common interest in mobile DNA to discuss recent advances in how mobile elements have impacted and continue to influence the functional expression and evolution of mammalian genomes. The program comprises all aspects of mobile DNA including bioinformatic, biochemical, evolutionary, and population genetic studies on mammalian transposable elements, as well as work to exploit transposable elements for saturation mutagenesis and gene delivery. Comparative genomics provides strong evidence for mobile DNA amplification, repression and extinction in evolutionary time. The 1000 genomes project as well as a wealth of new studies on mobile element association with epigenetics and gene networks represent a particular highlight of this year's meeting. This timely conference will facilitate the sharing of exciting new findings, experimental challenges, and outstanding questions in this rapidly evolving field among students, post- doctoral trainees, and junior and senior principal investigators. This is particularly valuable in a field, such as mobile elements, that does not conform to Mendelian genetic principles, and therefore has unique needs in terms of analysis and approaches. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Mobile elements have played, and continue to play a major role in shaping the structure and function of the mammalian genome. Retrotransposition insertions throughout the genome can lead to gene disruption, modified expression of adjacent genes, and transduction of neighboring DNA. Recent studies show that this process is actively continuing within the human population. These interspersed repeated sequences may give rise to novel regulatory networks, or provide a substrate for homologous recombination of mispaired sequences, leading to gene duplication, deletion, exon shuffling and chromosome translocation. All of the dynamic events caused by the presence and movement of mobile DNA in the human genome may lead to disease, including meiotic failure and infertility, inherited genetic diseases such as hemophilia and muscular dystrophy, and somatic diseases such as breast and colon cancer.