Insecticide Resistance in Anopheles minimus Mosquitoes

描述（申请人提供）：疟疾是中国的一个主要公共卫生问题。用拟除虫菊酯浸渍的蚊帐和在室内喷洒拟除虫菊酯是控制疟疾病媒的主要工具。然而，拟除虫菊酯的广泛使用导致了抗药性在蚊子种群中的出现和传播。抗药性严重阻碍了中国和世界疟疾的控制。该应用将集中于中国南方重要疟疾媒介微小按蚊C的抗性机制。中心假设是敲低抗性（kdr）和代谢解毒赋予了An对拟除虫菊酯的抗性。因此，蚊子对拟除虫菊酯的抗性水平取决于kdr基因和单加氧酶活性的突变。将确定自然群体中kdr基因的多态性，并将检查kdr突变、单加氧酶活性与拟除虫菊酯抗性表型之间的相关性。该研究将为在中国和东南亚开发基于分子或生物化学的疟疾媒介物种抗性诊断工具奠定重要基础。拟议的研究将通过培养一名博士生来促进中国的研究能力建设。在南京医科大学的分子昆虫学实验室中，他是一名学生和一名博士后研究员。本研究将作为NIH资助R 01 AI 050243 -07的扩展进行。 公共卫生相关性：本申请的重点是中国南方最重要的疟疾媒介微小按蚊C的抗性机制。了解其抗性机制将为开发新的抗性诊断工具奠定重要基础。此外，本研究将通过为一名博士提供研究培训，为中国医学昆虫学的研究能力建设做出贡献。2002年，我院在南京医科大学建立了分子昆虫学实验室。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Malaria is a major public health problem in China. Pyrethroid-impregnated bed nets and indoor spray with pyrethroids are the main malaria vector control tools. However, the wide use of pyrethroids has resulted in the emergence and spread of resistance in mosquito populations. Insecticide resistance has significantly hindered the efforts of malaria control in China and worldwide. This application will focus on resistance mechanisms in an important malaria vector in Southern China, Anopheles minimus C. The central hypothesis is that both knockdown resistance (kdr) and metabolic detoxification confer resistance to pyrethroids in An. minimus, and consequently, the resistance level of a mosquito to pyrethroids is contingent on mutations in kdr gene and monooxygenase activity. The kdr gene polymorphism in natural populations will be determined, and correlations between the kdr mutations, monooxygenase activity with pyrethroid resistance phenotype will be examined. This research will play an important foundation for the development of molecular- or biochemically-based resistance diagnosis tools in this important malaria vector species in China and Southeast Asia. The proposed research will contribute to building research capacity in China by training one Ph.D. student and one postdoc fellow and strengthen the molecular entomology laboratory at the Nanjing Medical University. This research will be conducted as an extension of NIH grant R01 AI050243-07. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This application focuses on resistance mechanisms in the most important malaria vector in Southern China, Anopheles minimus C. Understanding the resistance mechanisms will play an important foundation for the development of new resistance diagnosis tools. Further, this research will contribute to building research capacity in medical entomology in China by providing research training for one Ph.D. student and one postdoc fellow, and strengthen the molecular entomology laboratory in Nanjing Medical University.