BUILDING ON BRIDGING THE GAP: ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON TEEN SUBSTANCE USE

描述（由申请人提供）：联邦和许多州和地方政府面临的赤字和其他经济问题，各级社会组织（即， 学校、社区和国家）已经发生，预计将继续下去。侧重于预防和治疗青少年物质使用行为的举措通常是削减开支的主要候选人，这使得对其有效性的研究特别及时。我们概述了一系列分析，这些分析将为以证据为基础的努力提供重要指导，以遏制青少年物质使用行为，并缩小在了解减少青少年物质使用的关键环境策略的有效性方面的差距。该提案将深入调查对青少年物质使用行为的学校和州一级处罚减少其目标物质使用行为的过程。我们将进一步说明社区一级接触反烟草/毒品媒体运动的情况，这些运动也旨在影响青少年的物质使用行为。具体来说，在目标1中，我们将评估以学校为基础的对青少年物质使用行为的惩罚的有效性（即，对于烟草、酒精和大麻，我们将在大量的：a）学校（n=约130所学校，每两年），B）12年级学生（n =约11，800名学生/年）和c）数据点（11年的数据：1997-2007）中检查当前使用、过度使用和学校使用）。在目标2中，我们将调查州一级对青少年物质使用行为的惩罚的有效性（即，法律的处罚：a）青少年吸烟，B）未成年人酗酒，以及c）持有大麻）及其与补充性学校处罚（感知和实际）的关系。在目标3中，我们将研究社区一级和学生报告的反烟草/毒品媒体宣传活动的有效性及其与目标1和目标2中确定的补充政策的相互关系。我们的研究结果将更好地使利益相关者能够在学校，社区和州一级制定药物使用预防政策的优先事项。这些活动将变得越来越重要，因为我们国家的立法者只为有效的物质使用预防计划提供资金。此外，这里提议的工作将以成本效益高的方式利用现有的综合数据。这些目标的实现将由一个强大的跨学科研究团队和丰富的合作促进。 环境 药物滥用是一个主要的国家公共卫生问题，通常始于青春期。我们将审查学校和州一级对青少年使用药物的处罚以及反烟草/毒品的媒体宣传活动。我们的研究将帮助立法者了解哪些策略成功地减少了青少年的物质使用。这一点很重要，以便将资金用于有效减少青少年药物使用的关键方案。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Deficits and other economic issues facing the federal and many state and local governments, reductions in aid at all levels of social organization (i.e., school, community, and state) have occurred and are expected to continue. Initiatives that focus on preventing and treating adolescent substance use behaviors are typically prime candidates for spending cuts, which makes research on their effectiveness especially timely. We have outlined a set of analyses that will provide critical guidance for evidence-based efforts to curb adolescent substance use behaviors and close gaps in understanding the effectiveness of key environmental strategies for reducing adolescent substance use. This proposal will provide an in-depth investigation of the processes through which school-based and state-level penalties for adolescent substance use behaviors reduce the substance use behaviors they target. We will further account for community-level exposure to anti- tobacco/drug media campaigns that are designed to also influence adolescent substance use behaviors. Specifically, in Aim #1 we will assess the effectiveness of school-based penalties for adolescent substance use behaviors (i.e., for tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana we will examine current use, excessive use, school use) across a large number of: a) schools (n= ~130 schools every 2 years), b) 12th grade students (n = ~11,800 students/year), and c) data-points (11 years of data: 1997-2007). In Aim #2 we will investigate the effectiveness of state-level penalties towards adolescent substance use behaviors (i.e., legal penalties for: a) adolescent use of tobacco, b) underage alcohol violations, and c) marijuana possession) and their relationship with complementary school-based penalties (perceived and actual). In Aim #3, we will examine the effectiveness of community-level and student report of exposure to anti-tobacco/drug media campaigns and their interrelationships with complementary policies identified in Aims #1 and #2. Our findings will better enable stakeholders to set substance use prevention policy priorities at school, community, and state levels. These activities will become increasingly important as lawmakers in our nation work to fund only effective substance use prevention programs. In addition, the work proposed here will make cost-efficient use of existing, integrated data. Accomplishment of these aims will be facilitated by a strong-interdisciplinary research team and a rich collaborative environment. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Substance misuse is a major national public health problem that most often begins in adolescence. We will examine school and state-level penalties towards adolescent substance use as well as anti-tobacco/drug media campaigns. Our study will help lawmakers understand which strategies successfully reduce adolescent substance use. This is important so that funds can be directed to the key programs that effectively reduce adolescent substance use.