Novel Measures of Psychosocial Stress: Validation in an Ongoing Cohort Study

描述（由申请人提供）：心理社会压力的新措施：正在进行的队列研究中的验证越来越多的证据表明，心理社会压力可能会增加许多重要慢性疾病的风险，并且压力可能会缓和遗传因素对健康和行为结果的影响。为了在这一领域取得进一步进展，我们必须开发更好的标准化、心理测量上可靠的工具，以量化心理社会压力的暴露。在过去的四年里，我们位于匹兹堡的团队在暴露生物学项目赞助的合作协议（U01DA 023821，心理社会压力暴露：实时和结构化访谈技术）的支持下，一直在努力开发用于评估心理社会压力的新工具。我们已经取得了很大的进展，我们现在有两个新的原型技术，一个是用于日常心理社会压力的自我报告评估（SMART，或自我报告移动的活动记录工具），另一个是用于测量慢性和急性环境压力的访谈辅助评估工具（LEAP，或生活事件评估概况）。拟议研究的目标是在场外正在进行的流行病学研究的背景下验证这两种原型器械。这项研究将使我们能够建立SMART和LEAP作为心理社会压力和健康风险措施的有效性，并将为我们提供重要的背景和现场测试这些设备的经验，使我们最终可以使用这些措施作为多站点流行病学研究的一部分。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Novel Measures of Psychosocial Stress: Validation in an Ongoing Cohort Study There is increasing evidence that psychosocial stress may enhance the risk for a number of important chronic conditions, and that stress may moderate the effects of genetic factors on health and behavioral outcomes as well. In order to make further advances in this area, we must develop better standardized, psychometrically sound instruments for quantifying exposures to psychosocial stress. Over the past four years, our Pittsburgh- based team has been working to develop new tools for the assessment of psychosocial stress, under the auspices of a cooperative agreement sponsored by the Exposure Biology program (U01DA023821, Psychosocial stress exposure: Real-time and structured interview technologies). We have made a great deal of progress, and we now have in hand two new prototype technologies, one for the self-report assessment of daily psychosocial stress (SMART, or self-report mobile activity recording tool), and the other, an interviewer- assisted assessment tool for the measurement of chronic and acute environmental stressors (LEAP, or Life Events Assessment Profile). The goal of the proposed study will be to validate these two prototype devices in the context of an ongoing epidemiological study at an offsite location. This research will permit us to establish the validity of the SMART and the LEAP as measures of psychosocial stress and health risk, and will provide us with important background and experience field testing these devices, so that we may ultimately use these measures as part of multi-site epidemiological studies.