Physical Activity and Substance Abuse

描述（由申请人提供）：有氧运动产生大量的心理影响，与药物滥用和依赖呈负相关。例如，长期自愿锻炼可以提高自尊和幸福感，减少抑郁和焦虑。此外，流行病学研究报告称，参加促进身体健康的活动与青少年吸烟和使用药物的发生率降低有关。尽管有这些令人鼓舞的发现，但很少有临床和实验室的故事专门研究有氧运动和减少吸毒行为倾向之间的潜在因果关系。在拟议的一系列研究中，我们将评估有氧运动的有效性，以（1）在延长使用条件下减弱可卡因摄入量的增加，（2）预防长期狂欢期间出现的药物摄入失调模式，（3）减少可卡因引发和提示诱导的戒断期后的复吸。这个项目将是第一个系统的检查运动对一系列行为过程的影响，这些行为过程被认为是成瘾行为的病因学。此外，这些研究将检查运动对男性和女性受试者的影响，并确定这些影响是否存在性别差异。作为其翻译吸引力的一部分，该项目将审查作为预防性干预（即，在药物使用开始之前）和作为治疗干预（即，在自治区建立之后）。总的来说，这些研究应该显着推进我们的知识，身体活动如何与内源性奖励系统相互作用，以改变可卡因的敏感性，并为未来研究的设计和执行提供关键的指导检查运动在临床人群中的影响。 公共卫生相关性：有氧运动已被推荐为药物滥用的潜在治疗方法，但很少有研究表明其减少药物自我给药的能力。本项目的目的是检查有氧运动的有效性，以（1）减少在自由获取条件下可卡因摄入量的增加，（2）防止长期狂欢期间可卡因摄入量的高比率，以及（3）减少暴露于可卡因或可卡因相关线索后寻求药物行为的复发。该项目将是第一次系统地检查运动对一系列行为过程的影响，这些行为过程被认为与物质使用障碍的发展有关。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Aerobic exercise produces a host of psychological effects that are negatively correlated with substance abuse and dependence. For instance, long-term voluntary exercise increases measures of self-esteem and well-being, and decreases measures of depression and anxiety. Moreover, epidemiological studies report that participation in activities that promote physical fitness is associated with a lower incidence of tobacco and substance use among adolescent populations. Despite these promising findings, remarkably few clinical and laboratory stories have specifically examined a potential causal relationship between aerobic exercise and a decreased propensity to engage in drug-seeking behavior. In the proposed series of studies, we will evaluate the efficacy of aerobic exercise to (1) attenuate the escalation of cocaine intake under extended-access conditions, (2) prevent the dysregulated patterns of drug intake that emerge during a prolonged binge, and (3) decrease cocaine-primed and cue-induced reinstatement following a period of abstinence. This project will be the first systematic examination of the effects of exercise on a range of behavioral processes that are believed to be involved in the etiology of addictive behavior. Furthermore, these studies will examine the effects of exercise in both male and female subjects, and determine whether there are sex differences in these effects. As part of its translational appeal, the project will examine exercise as both a preventative intervention (i.e., before drug use has been initiated) and as a treatment intervention (i.e., after self-administration has been firmly established). Collectively, these studies should significantly advance our knowledge on how physical activity interacts with the endogenous reward system to alter sensitivity to cocaine and provide critical guidance for the design and execution of future studies examining the effects of exercise in clinical populations. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Aerobic exercise has been recommended as a potential treatment for substance abuse, but very little research has been conducted on its ability to reduce drug self-administration. The purpose of this project is to examine the effectiveness of aerobic exercise to (1) reduce the escalation of cocaine intake under free-access conditions, (2) prevent the high rates of cocaine intake during a prolonged binge, and (3) decrease the reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior following exposure to cocaine or cocaine-related cues. This project will be the first systematic examination of the effects of exercise on a range of behavioral processes that are believed to be involved in the development of substance use disorders.