AVIAN IMMUNE RESPONSE TO INFECTIOUS DISEASE

这个子项目是利用资源的许多研究子项目之一。 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。对子项目的主要支持 子项目的首席调查员可能是由其他来源提供的， 包括美国国立卫生研究院的其他来源。为子项目列出的总成本可能 表示该子项目使用的中心基础设施的估计数量， 不是由NCRR赠款提供给次级项目或次级项目工作人员的直接资金。 鸟类是人类传染病的主要传播媒介和宿主，容易受到环境污染物、干旱和其他环境应激源的影响，这些环境应激源可以扰乱正常的生理功能，而不会导致禽类疾病。这些因素使禽类种群成为监测未来几十年预测的30种新的人畜共患病对人类健康和资源的潜在威胁的极佳哨点系统。一个最好的例子是目前使用圈养哨兵鸡来监测西尼罗河病毒(WNV)的出现。然而，使用鸟类作为哨兵的一个主要缺点是缺乏强有力的以科学为基础的方法，使疾病能够在疾病进入人类种群之前被发现。这项建议的主要目的是为开发先进的哨兵生物监测系统奠定科学基础，该系统基于对鸟类种群中与环境中也威胁人类健康和福利的病原体相关的早期健康标志物的检测。该项目以洛斯阿拉莫斯独特的资源为基础，包括一个已建立的禽巢盒子网络，目前用作环境监测和减少风险的持续任务的一部分；与国家流式细胞仪资源和新的生物安全3级设施相结合。该方法将开发一系列新技术，用于采样和测量鸟类的功能性免疫反应、DNA损伤以及病原体和寄生虫负载。一支由鸟类生态学家、分子微生物学家和技术学家组成的专家团队已经组建完毕。主要产品将是一种创新、灵敏和准确的生物标志物面板，用于在现场测量反应。生物标志物小组将启用一种全新的能力，对我国检测和预测对人类健康、农业和野生动物的新威胁的能力产生潜在的深远影响。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. Birds are a key transmission vector and host to human infectious diseases and are susceptible to environmental contaminants, drought, and other environmental stressors that can disrupt normal physiological functions without causing avian disease. These factors make avian populations excellent sentinel systems for monitoring potential threats to human health and resources from the predicted 30 new zoonotic diseases in the next few decades. A prime example is the current use of captive sentinel chickens to monitor the emergence of West Nile Virus (WNV). However, a major drawback to the use of birds as sentinels has been the lack of a strong science-based approach that would allow the detection of disease before it has progressed into the human population. The main objective of this proposal is to build a scientific foundation for developing an advanced state-of the-art sentinel biosurveillance system based on detection of early biomarkers of health in avian populations that are relevant to agents in the environment that also threaten human health and welfare. This project builds upon unique resources at Los Alamos including an established Avian Nestbox Network currently used as part of an ongoing mission in environmental monitoring and risk reduction; combined with the National Flow Cytometry Resource, and the new Biosafety Level-3 facility. The approach will be to develop a panel of new technologies for sampling and measuring functional immune response, DNA damage, and pathogen and parasite loads in birds. An expert team of avian ecologists, molecular microbiologists, and technologists has been assembled. The major product will be an innovative, sensitive, and accurate panel of biomarkers for measuring responses in the field. The biomarker panel will enable an entirely new capability with potential far-reaching impact on our nation's ability to detect and forecast emerging threats to human health, agriculture, and wildlife.