CEREBELLUM AND VISUALLY GUIDED ARM MOVEMENTS

这个子项目是利用资源的许多研究子项目之一。 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。对子项目的主要支持 子项目的首席调查员可能是由其他来源提供的， 包括美国国立卫生研究院的其他来源。为子项目列出的总成本可能 表示该子项目使用的中心基础设施的估计数量， 不是由NCRR赠款提供给次级项目或次级项目工作人员的直接资金。 这项申请与我们目前的NIH拨款的延续有关，我们研究了小脑中与视觉引导运动相关的运动信号的性质。这些研究表明，位置、速度和速度信息是如何在小脑浦肯野细胞放电中编码的，而手动跟踪是由与小脑浦肯野细胞放电高度相关的速度脉冲组成的离散亚单位组成的。我们正在调查运动错误的处理，以及错误信息如何用于控制立即和长期变化的运动(即运动学习)。 这项研究的前两个具体目标扩大了我们对小脑是手臂逆动力学模型的位置的假设的测试。特定目标1通过检测在圆形跟踪任务中间置和齿状神经元的放电来检验小脑核是逆动力学模型的输出阶段的假设，在圆形跟踪任务中，对手施加不同大小的粘性和弹性力场。特定目的2检查当使用力控制或力反馈来执行任务时，浦肯野细胞放电是否与反向动力学模型的输出一致。特定目标3-5测试浦肯野细胞简单棘波放电是预测即将到来的手臂运动学的手臂正向内部模型的输出的假设。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. This application is related to the continuation of our present NIH grant examining the nature of the movement signals in the cerebellum associated with visually-guided movements. These studies have shown how position, velocity and speed information are encoded in the discharge of cerebellar Purkinje cells and that manual tracking is composed of discrete subunits consisting of speed pulses highly correlated with the discharge of cerebellar Purkinje cells. We are investigating the processing of movement errors and how that error information is used to control movements both immediately and for long-term changes (i.e. motor learning). The first two Specific Aims of this study expand our testing of the hypothesis that the cerebellum is the site of an inverse dynamics model of the arm. Specific Aim 1 tests the hypothesis that the cerebellar nuclei are the output stage of an inverse dynamics model by examining the firing of interpositus and dentate neurons during a circular tracking task in which viscous and elastic force fields at varying magnitudes are applied to the hand. Specific Aim 2 examines whether Purkinje cell discharge is consistent with the output of an inverse dynamics model when force control or force feedback is used to perform the task. Specific Aims 3-5 test the hypothesis that Purkinje cell simple spike discharge is the output of a forward internal model of the arm that predicts the upcoming arm kinematics.