BUILDING ON BRIDGING THE GAP: ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON TEEN SUBSTANCE USE

描述(由申请人提供)：联邦和许多州和地方政府面临的赤字和其他经济问题，各级社会组织援助的减少(即， 学校、社区和州)已经发生，预计还将继续。专注于预防和治疗青少年药物使用行为的举措通常是削减开支的主要候选者，这使得对其有效性的研究特别及时。我们概述了一系列分析，这些分析将为遏制青少年药物使用行为的循证努力提供关键指导，并弥合在理解减少青少年药物使用的关键环境战略有效性方面的差距。这项提案将深入调查学校和州一级对青少年药物使用行为的惩罚如何减少他们所针对的药物使用行为。我们将进一步说明社区一级接触反烟草/毒品媒体运动的情况，这些运动的目的也是为了影响青少年的药物使用行为。具体地说，在目标1中，我们将评估以学校为基础的惩罚青少年药物使用行为的有效性(即，对于烟草、酒精和大麻，我们将审查目前的使用、过度使用、学校使用)，涵盖大量：a)学校(每两年约130所学校)，b)12年级学生(n=约11,800名学生/年)，以及c)数据点(11年的数据：1997-2007年)。在目标2中，我们将调查国家一级对青少年药物使用行为的惩罚的有效性(即，对以下行为的法律惩罚：a)青少年使用烟草，b)未成年人饮酒，以及c)持有大麻，以及它们与补充的学校惩罚(感知和实际)的关系。在目标#3中，我们将检验社区一级和学生报告接触反烟草/毒品媒体运动的有效性，以及它们与目标#1和目标#2中确定的补充政策的相互关系。我们的发现将使利益相关者能够更好地在学校、社区和州一级设定药物使用预防政策的优先事项。随着我们国家的立法者努力只为有效的药物使用预防计划提供资金，这些活动将变得越来越重要。此外，这里提议的工作将以成本效益的方式利用现有的综合数据。这些目标的实现将得到一个强大的跨学科研究团队和丰富的合作伙伴的推动 环境。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Deficits and other economic issues facing the federal and many state and local governments, reductions in aid at all levels of social organization (i.e., school, community, and state) have occurred and are expected to continue. Initiatives that focus on preventing and treating adolescent substance use behaviors are typically prime candidates for spending cuts, which makes research on their effectiveness especially timely. We have outlined a set of analyses that will provide critical guidance for evidence-based efforts to curb adolescent substance use behaviors and close gaps in understanding the effectiveness of key environmental strategies for reducing adolescent substance use. This proposal will provide an in-depth investigation of the processes through which school-based and state-level penalties for adolescent substance use behaviors reduce the substance use behaviors they target. We will further account for community-level exposure to anti- tobacco/drug media campaigns that are designed to also influence adolescent substance use behaviors. Specifically, in Aim #1 we will assess the effectiveness of school-based penalties for adolescent substance use behaviors (i.e., for tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana we will examine current use, excessive use, school use) across a large number of: a) schools (n= ~130 schools every 2 years), b) 12th grade students (n = ~11,800 students/year), and c) data-points (11 years of data: 1997-2007). In Aim #2 we will investigate the effectiveness of state-level penalties towards adolescent substance use behaviors (i.e., legal penalties for: a) adolescent use of tobacco, b) underage alcohol violations, and c) marijuana possession) and their relationship with complementary school-based penalties (perceived and actual). In Aim #3, we will examine the effectiveness of community-level and student report of exposure to anti-tobacco/drug media campaigns and their interrelationships with complementary policies identified in Aims #1 and #2. Our findings will better enable stakeholders to set substance use prevention policy priorities at school, community, and state levels. These activities will become increasingly important as lawmakers in our nation work to fund only effective substance use prevention programs. In addition, the work proposed here will make cost-efficient use of existing, integrated data. Accomplishment of these aims will be facilitated by a strong-interdisciplinary research team and a rich collaborative environment.