Polymer Membrane Ion/Gas/Polyion Sensors: New Frontiers

描述（由申请人提供）：提出了新型阴离子/气体/多离子选择性聚合物膜/薄膜电化学和光学传感器的持续开发、研究和分析应用。研究将建立在最近支持期间取得的几个令人兴奋的突破的基础上，包括：1)使用电位计聚阴离子传感器技术快速筛选商业生物医学级肝素制剂中存在的高电荷密度聚阴离子杂质（例如，过硫酸软骨素硫酸盐（OSCS））的能力；2)使用铑（III）金属卟啉配合物作为迄今为止发现的最具选择性的结合剂，用于制备电位（和潜在的光学）亚硝酸盐离子传感器；3)采用新的脉冲式电位测量技术，提高阴离子和多离子敏感聚合物膜电极的分析响应性能。这个长期项目下一阶段的工作将包括基础研究和应用研究，并将集中在：1)检查使用新的基于聚阴离子传感器的方法来量化生物医学肝素制剂中OSCS和潜在的其他高电荷密度聚阴离子杂质的浓度的方法，并评估先前报道的光学肝素传感聚合物膜技术是否可以用于类似的测量；2)进一步优化聚合物膜中铑（III）金属卟啉作为离子载体的用途，用于开发亚硝酸盐的高选择性电化学和光学传感器（使用带帽的四苯基卟啉作为离子载体），并演示在新型气体/生物传感系统中使用这些传感器作为简单检测器来监测极低水平的气相一氧化氮（NO），可能在呼出气体中；3)评估一种新的pulstrode仪器控制方法的使用，以提高各种基于离子载体的聚合物膜阴离子传感器的电位选择性，并制备完全可逆的多阴离子/多阳离子传感器，用于连续监测血液中的肝素和检测蛋白酶活性。预计这些领域的研究成果将继续提供一系列新的和简单的传感器，可用于复杂生理和其他类型样品的重要生物医学测量。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The continued development, study, and analytical applications of novel anion/gas/polyion selective polymer membrane/film-based electrochemical and optical sensors are proposed. Research will build upon several exciting breakthroughs made during the most recent period of support that have included: 1) the ability to rapidly screen for the presence of high charge density of polyanion impurities (e.g., oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS)) within commercial biomedical grade heparin preparations using potentiometric polyanion sensor technology; 2) the use of rhodium (III) metalloporphyrin complexes as the most selective binding agents discovered to date for preparing potentiometric (and potentially optical) nitrite ion sensors; and 3) the adaptation of a new pulstrode type potentiometric measurement technology to enhance the analytical response properties of anion and polyion sensitive polymeric membrane electrodes. Efforts during the next phase of this long-term program will include both fundamental and applied studies and will concentrate on: 1) examining approaches to use the new polyanion sensor-based method to quantify the concentration of OSCS and potentially other high-charge density polyanion impurities in biomedical heparin preparations, and also assess whether a previously reported optical heparin sensing polymer film technology can be employed for similar measurements; 2) further optimize the utility of rhodium(III) metalloporphyrins as ionophores in polymeric films for developing highly selective electrochemical and optical sensors for nitrite (using capped tetraphenylporphyrins as ionophores), and demonstrating the use of such sensors as simple detectors in a novel gas/biosensing system to monitor very low levels of gas phase nitric oxide (NO), potentially in exhaled breath; and 3) assessing the use of a new pulstrode instrumental control method to enhance the potentiometric selectivity of various ionophore-based polymeric membrane anion sensors, and also to prepare fully reversible polyanion/polycation sensors that can be used to continuously monitor heparin in blood and for detecting protease activities. It is anticipated that results derived from the research in these areas will continue to provide an array of new and simple sensors that can be employed for important biomedical measurements in complex physiological and other types of samples.