Maternal Self-Regulation and Parenting: Contributions to Infant Self-Regulation

描述（由申请人提供）：达到充分的自我调节是一个重要的发展里程碑，对儿童的社会情感健康有重大影响。以前的工作已经注意到父母对儿童早期发展自我调节技能的重要性，特别是在生活中的时候，如婴儿期和幼儿期，当儿童严重依赖父母的支持来调节情绪和行为时。虽然初步证据表明，父母的自我调节是重要的养育，大多数研究都没有集中在幼儿期的养育，并没有联系到父母的自我调节，儿童的自我调节，通过养育。目前建议的目的是评估产妇自我调节的多个方面的影响（例如，情绪调节、努力控制、执行功能和生理调节[心率变异性]）对婴儿养育的影响以及对婴儿直接和通过养育自我调节的出现的影响。使用不同的样本（n = 200），通常发展中的婴儿和产妇照顾者从一个城市和一个农村网站招募，目前的建议在两种条件下评估养育。首先，母亲的自我调节的影响，为养育婴儿的背景下，高婴儿的痛苦是研究使用一种新的养育模拟任务，其中产妇照顾者与一个高度困扰，生活般的婴儿模拟器。接下来，母亲与自己的婴儿的互动将在自由玩耍的背景下，并在温和的婴儿压力后进行评估。最后，婴儿在一个令人沮丧的任务中的情绪自我调节将被检查。据估计，产妇照顾者谁有更好的自我调节，将从事更适应，敏感的育儿行为在模拟任务，以及与自己的婴儿在玩耍和轻微的压力后。此外，父母教养方式会中介母亲自我调节对婴儿自我调节的影响。目前的研究对早期发展自我调节技能，发展精神病理学，父母养育模式以及父母-婴儿干预计划具有影响。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The attainment of adequate self-regulation represents a critical developmental milestone that has significant implications for children's social-emotional wellbeing. Prior work has noted the importance of parenting for children's early developing self-regulatory skills, particularly at times in life, such as infancy and early toddlerhood, when children rely heavily on parental support in the regulation of emotion and behavior. Although preliminary evidence suggests that parental self-regulation is important for parenting, most studies have not focused on parenting in early childhood and have not linked parental self-regulation to children's self-regulation through parenting. The aim of the current proposal is to evaluate the effects of multiple aspects of maternal self-regulation (e.g., emotion regulation, effortful control, executive functions, and physiological regulation [heart rate variability]) on parenting of infants and on the emergence of infant self-regulation directly and through parenting. Using a diverse sample (n = 200) of typically developing infants and maternal caregivers recruited from one urban and one rural site, the current proposal evaluates parenting under two conditions. First, the implications of maternal self-regulation for parenting infants in the context of high infant distress is examined using a novel parenting simulation task wherein maternal caregivers interact with a highly distressed, life-like infant simulator. Next, the mother's interactions with her own infant will be evaluated in the context of free play and after a mild infant stressor. Finally, infant self-regulation of emotion during a frustrating task will be examined. It is anticipated that maternal caregivers who have better self-regulation will engage in more adaptive, sensitive parenting behavior during the simulation task as well as with their own infant during play and after a mild stressor. Furthermore, it is expected that parenting will mediate the effects of maternal self-regulation on infant self-regulation. The current study has implications for early developing self-regulatory skills, developmental psychopathology, models of parenting, as well as for parent-infant intervention programs.