Human Health Effects Of Exposure To Organochlorine Compounds

滴滴涕、其代谢物DDE和多氯联苯（PCBs）等有机氯是持久性有机污染物，通过在食物链中接触，其毒性可能达到一般人群所遇到的水平。 每种有机氯都有一种或多种生物活性，以及相应的潜在作用机制。 我在这一领域的大部分工作是基于对孕妇血清的分析，这些孕妇参加了一项名为围产期合作项目（CPP）的队列研究。在这里，我描述了一些我的CPP研究结果。我就持久性有机污染物对健康的影响所做的其他研究的结果见出版物清单。 自1959年至1965年以来，CPP中超过50，000名孕妇的血清被冷冻在-20摄氏度下，其后代的健康数据构成了许多研究人员仍然积极使用的资源。 我们选择了一个子集，约2,800名儿童出生于1959年至1966年，并确定有机氯浓度在相应的存储的母亲妊娠血清，在1997年至1999年。 在早期的CPP论文中，我们研究了DDE水平与先前妊娠中胎儿丢失的关系，以及在CPP妊娠中，早产，小于胎龄儿，出生体重和随后的身高;在所有情况下，我们发现了提示不良反应的相关性。 为了寻找雄激素阻断的证据，我们检查了怀孕期间母体DDE水平与其男性后代中隐睾症和尿道下裂的调整几率的关系;对于这些结果，结果是不确定的。 此外，我们还评估了产前PCB暴露与8个月龄、7岁时的发育评估表现以及8岁时听力检查所反映的听力的关系。 我们还研究了接触DDT和DDE与7岁时智商的关系。 这些研究都没有显示出任何关联。 去年的进展 一个调查有机氯在先兆子痫病因学中的作用的项目已接近完成，手稿正在编写中。 发表了一项关于有机氯作为致肥剂的研究。

Organochlorines such as DDT, its metabolite DDE, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants that may be toxic at levels encountered by the general population, through exposure in the food chain. Each organochlorine has one or more types of biologic activity, and corresponding potential mechanisms of action. Most of my work in this area is based on analysis of serum from pregnant women who were in a cohort study named the Collaborative Perinatal Project (CPP). Here I describe some of my results from the CPP study. Results from other studies I have done on the health effects of persistent organic pollutants are indicated in the list of publications. Sera from over 50,000 pregnant women in the CPP have been frozen at -20 degrees Centigrade since 1959-1965, and with the health data on their offspring constitute a resource that is still actively used by many investigators. We selected a subset of about 2,800 children born in 1959-1966 and determined organochlorine concentrations in the corresponding stored maternal pregnancy sera, in 1997-1999. In earlier CPP papers we examined DDE levels in relation to fetal loss in previous pregnancies, and, in the CPP pregnancy, preterm birth, small-for-gestational-age, birthweight, and subsequent height; in all cases we found associations suggestive of adverse effects. To look for evidence of androgen-blocking, we examined maternal DDE level during pregnancy in relation to adjusted odds of cryptorchidism and hypospadias among their male offspring; for these outcomes the results were equivocal. Furthermore, we evaluated prenatal PCB exposure in relation to developmental assessment performance at 8 months of age, 7 years of age, and hearing as reflected by audiometric examination at age 8 years. We also examined exposure to DDT and DDE in relation to IQ at age 7 years. None of these studies showed any associations. Last year's progress A project to investigate the role or organochlorines in the etiology of preeclampsia was nearly completed and the manuscript is in preparation. An investigation of organochlorines as obesogens was published.