Social and Cultural Influences on Cardiovascular Risk in South Asians

项目概述：预防心血管疾病(CVD)的个人干预措施已得到满足 在许多少数族裔社区取得的成功有限，部分原因是它们没有解决#年的社会文化背景 哪些人生活，并做出食物和身体活动的选择。将我们的调查范围扩大到个人以外， 对于更大的社会驱动因素，可以提供关于如何在人际关系中利用社会影响的关键见解 以及社区一级的干预措施，以使处于危险中的社区参与进来。社交网络通过许多方式影响健康 机制：社会影响和控制；建立健康信念和规范行为； 共同的身份和归属感；以及提供支助。社会影响是健康的关键决定因素；然而 社会网络分析很少被用来检查社会网络和健康之间的联系 少数族裔。 居住在美国的南亚人(Masala)的动脉粥样硬化介体是第一项研究 在美国的以人口为基础的南亚人队列(SAS)，是美国 美国国立卫生研究院帮助了解快速增长的南非人口中的心血管疾病差异。我们 建议利用这一投资来调查心血管疾病的社会网络结构和社会文化驱动因素 马萨拉队列中的危险因素。社会关系对SAS健康的影响尤为重要 行为，因为90%的移民认为亲情和家庭至上，强调 集体主义、社会控制和维护群体认同。我们从Masala研究中获得的数据显示 睡眠呼吸暂停综合症的糖尿病患病率最高，这是一个重要的心血管疾病风险因素，而体力活动水平最低。 在动脉粥样硬化的多种族研究中，活动与白人、黑人、西班牙裔和中国人的比较。我们 还发现，社会文化影响可能在一定程度上推动了这些差异，个人层面的预防 在紧密联系、以家庭为导向的SA社区，努力可能不会那么有效。 在拟议的辅助项目中，多学科研究团队将利用量化社会 网络方法：1)揭示近端心血管疾病风险因素变异的未测量社会文化驱动因素 (体重指数、腰围、饮食和体力活动行为)；以及定性方法，以：2) 调查SA的社交网络的含义、意义和功能，以及它们如何影响 食物和体力活动的偏好和限制。定性访谈将提供更多的背景信息 量化结果并阐明未来干预的可变途径。我们的团队，在心血管疾病方面拥有专业知识 预防和营养流行病学、健康的社会文化决定因素以及社会网络分析是 准备好进行这种混合方法的研究。拟议的研究解决了心血管疾病中的关键差距 预防研究：了解社交网络对心血管疾病风险的影响以及这些影响如何 利用这些资源改善移民和少数族裔社区的心血管健康状况。

Project Summary: Individual-level interventions to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD) have been met with limited success in many minority communities, partly because they do not address the sociocultural context in which individuals live and make food and physical activity choices. Widening our inquiry beyond the individual, to the larger social drivers can provide key insights into how social influences can be leveraged in interpersonal and community-level interventions to engage at-risk communities. Social networks influence health via many mechanisms: social influence and control; establishment of health beliefs and normative behaviors; feelings of shared identity and belonging; and provision of support. Social influences are key determinants of health; yet social network analysis has rarely been used to examine links between social networks and health in minorities. The Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in American (MASALA) study is the first population-based cohort of South Asians (SAs) in the United States and is a substantial investment by the National Institutes of Health to understand the CVD disparities in the rapidly growing SA population. We propose to leverage that investment to investigate social network structures and sociocultural drivers of CVD risk factors in the MASALA cohort. Social relationships an especially important influence on SAs health behaviors because 90% are immigrants who believe kinship and family are paramount with emphasis on collectivism, social control, and maintenance of group identity. Our data from the MASALA study show that SAs have the highest prevalence of diabetes, an important CVD risk factor, and the lowest levels of physical activity compared to Whites, Blacks, Hispanics, and Chinese in the Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. We also find that sociocultural influences may be partly driving these disparities and that individual-level prevention efforts may not be as effective in the tightly-knit, family-oriented SA community. In the proposed ancillary project, the multidisciplinary research team will utilize quantitative social network methods to: 1) Uncover the unmeasured sociocultural drivers of variance in proximal CVD risk factors (body mass index, waist circumference, diet and physical activity behaviors); and qualitative methods to: 2) Investigate the meaning, significance, and function of SAs' social networks with respect to how they influence food and physical activity preferences and constraints. Qualitative interviews will provide greater context to the quantitative findings and elucidate mutable avenues for future intervention. Our team, with expertise in CVD prevention and nutritional epidemiology, sociocultural determinants of health, and social network analysis is well-poised to conduct this mixed methods research. The proposed research addresses critical gaps in CVD prevention research: understanding the influence of social networks on CVD risk and how these influences can be leveraged to improve the cardiovascular health of immigrant and minority communities.