Dynamic Processes of Smoking Cessation

描述（由申请人提供）：这是一个指导研究科学家发展奖（K 01）申请，以支持PI建立一个独立的研究线，检查成瘾行为的因果机制，特别是吸烟。培训目标，这将通过一个积极的指导研究计划，以及正式的课程，研讨会，指导阅读和研讨会，是满足：（1）发展使用生态瞬时评估（EMA）方法的专业知识，（2）发展健康行为理论（HBT）及其在戒烟中的应用的专业知识，（3）获得EMA数据分析的专业培训，（4）提高学术生产力。本研究的目的是探讨吸烟结果预期（OEs）在大学生戒烟中的作用。拟议的研究采用密集的纵向准实验设计，使用EMA方法，以捕捉在大学生吸烟者戒烟尝试的吸烟结果预期的变化。我们的目标是描绘吸烟OEs和戒烟的时间顺序的变化。存在相关性和横截面支持，表明与当前吸烟者相比，前吸烟者的负面OE超过正面OE。目前的证据缺乏时间上的具体描述，即在戒烟过程中何时发生OEs的变化，以及OEs的变化是否会导致行为变化，如HBT假设，或行为变化导致OEs的变化，如认知失调理论（Festinger，1957）假设。参与者（n=120）将在4周内自我监测吸烟行为和态度：基线（1周），在此期间自然记录过程，戒烟前（1周），从治疗开始后开始，戒烟后（2周），从戒烟当天开始; 3个月后将评估长期随访。为了促进戒烟，参与者将参加治疗（三个简短的建议会议，尼古丁替代疗法）。通过掌上电脑，采用基于事件和基于时间的抽样方法，每天制作几次报告。总的来说，这个K 01奖项将使PI能够利用她现有的先进统计培训和理论驱动的健康行为干预经验的优势，使她能够充分利用现代技术来描述戒烟过程中的因果机制。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) application to support the PI's establishment of an independent line of research examining the causal mechanisms of addictive behavior in general and smoking in particular. The training goals, which will be met through an active mentored research plan as well as formal coursework, seminars, directed readings, and workshops, are: (1) to develop an expertise in the use of Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) methodology, (2) to develop an expertise in health behavior theories (HBT) and their application to smoking cessation, (3) to acquire specialized training for the analysis of EMA data, and (4) to increase scholarly productivity. The purpose of the proposed research project is to examine the role of smoking outcome expectancies (OEs) in college student smoking cessation. The proposed study utilizes an intensive longitudinal quasi-experimental design using EMA methodology to capture changes in smoking outcome expectancies in college student smokers undergoing a quit attempt. The goal is to delineate the temporal ordering of changes in smoking OEs and smoking cessation. Correlational and cross-sectional support exists that demonstrates that negative OEs outweigh positive OEs in former smokers compared to current smokers. Missing from current evidence is a temporally specific delineation of when in the process of smoking cessation changes in OEs occur, and whether changes in OEs lead to behavior change, as HBTs postulate, or behavior change leads to changes in OEs, as Cognitive Dissonance Theory (Festinger, 1957) postulates. Participants (n=120) will self-monitor smoking behaviors and attitudes during 4 weeks: baseline (1 week), during which processes are naturalistically recorded, pre-quit (1 week), beginning after the onset of treatment, and post-quit (2 weeks), beginning on the quit day; long-term follow-up will be assessed 3-months later. To facilitate smoking cessation, participants will partake in treatment (three brief advice sessions, nicotine replacement therapy). Reports are made several times a day through the use of palm-top computers, using both event-based and time-based sampling approaches. Taken together, this K01 award would allow the PI to build upon her existing strengths of advanced statistical training and experience with theory-driven health behavior interventions to enable her to take full advantage of modern technology to delineate the causal mechanisms underlying the process of smoking cessation.