Alcohol Research Training: Methods & Mechanisms

 描述(由申请人提供)：新墨西哥大学(UNM)酒精研究培训项目的核心目标是提供多学科的博士后和博士后培训，为未来的科学家进行饮酒行为变化过程的研究做准备，开发和测试通过改进的治疗方法和指示预防影响变化的有效模型，以及开发和测试模型以向不同人群传播有效干预的知识。讨论的中心问题包括：(1)什么因素刺激高危人群和临床人群的变化？(2)在个人层面上成功的变化的心理、社会和生物机制？(3)不同变化轨迹的建模如何有助于理解变化过程？(4)在创造长期行为变化方面，哪些类型的干预措施更有效和更不有效，同样重要的是，治疗的哪些具体方面对其有效性起到了作用？(5)变化过程和干预措施如何基于个体差异而变化(例如，遗传特征、社会人口特征、共发病、和社会/文化环境)？(6)传播关于成功的行为改变的知识的有效和高效的方法是什么？拟议的培训计划将支持4名博士后研究员，他们来自新墨西哥大学心理学系，以及3名博士后研究员，他们来自与培训计划目标相关的学科，包括心理学、社会学、传播学、精神病学、社会工作和卫生经济学。该计划将在酒精中毒、药物滥用和成瘾中心(CASAA)指导和运行，该中心是一个致力于酒精和其他物质使用障碍的治疗、预防和流行病学研究的多学科中心。新墨西哥州大学心理学系和精神研究网络(MRN)是新墨西哥州大学校园内的一个私人非营利性神经成像中心，是重要的合作伙伴。CASAA的调查人员对减少酒精相关伤害的有效预防和治疗模式的研究、治疗的有效成分和潜在变化机制的研究以及传播/扩散研究有着良好的记录。MRN强大的人类神经科学小组为培训计划带来了互补的研究技能。本申请要求为2010年7月启动的UNM培训方案再提供五年的资金。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The central aim of the University of New Mexico (UNM) alcohol research training program in methods and mechanisms of change is to provide multidisciplinary pre- and postdoctoral training to prepare future scientists to conduct research on the processes of change in drinking behavior, to develop and test effective models for impacting change through improved approaches to treatment and indicated prevention, and to develop and test models to disseminate knowledge of effective interventions to diverse populations. Central questions that address include: (1) What factors stimulate change in at-risk and clinical populations? (2) What psychological, social, and biological mechanisms underlie successful change at the individual level? (3) How does modeling of different trajectories of change contribute to understanding change processes? (4) What types of interventions are more and less effective in creating long-term behavior change, and, equally important, what specific aspects of treatments account for their effectiveness? (5) How do change processes and interventions vary based on individual differences (e.g. genetic profiles, sociodemographic characteristics, co-morbidity, and social/cultural environment)? (6) What are effective and efficient approaches to disseminate knowledge about successful behavior change? The proposed training program would support 4 pre-doctoral fellows, drawn from the Department of Psychology at the University of New Mexico, and 3 post-doctoral fellows from disciplines relevant to the goals of the training program, including psychology, sociology, communication, psychiatry, social work, and health economics. The program will be directed and run at the Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions (CASAA), a multidisciplinary center devoted to treatment, prevention, and epidemiological research on alcohol and other substance use disorders. The UNM Department of Psychology and the Mind Research Network (MRN), a private, non-profit neuroimaging center on the UNM campus, are important contributing partners. CASAA investigators have a strong record of research on effective models for prevention and treatment to reduce alcohol-related harm, research on active ingredients of treatment and underlying mechanisms of change, and dissemination/diffusion research. The strong human neuroscience group at the MRN brings complementary research skills to the training program. The present application requests five more years of funding for the UNM training program, which was initiated in July, 2010.