Primary Prevention of Sexual Violence among College Students

 描述（由申请人提供）：大学生性暴力的初级预防。这一快速SBIR提案旨在解决对大学生性暴力问题的有效初级预防方法的迫切需要。据估计，每5名女大学生中就有1人在大学期间遭到性侵犯。作为严格设计的评估的一部分，缺乏一级预防战略，表明大学生中的性暴力显著减少。研究表明，许多性侵犯的受害者是在醉酒、吸毒或其他无行为能力的情况下受到虐待的，性暴力事件通常发生在大学聚会场所，受害者认识肇事者，肇事者一直在喝酒或吸毒。拟议的快速通道研究的目标是开发，可行性测试和有效性测试一种创新的新方法，利用数字和面对面的干预方式，基于成功的循证药物滥用和暴力预防方法，称为生活技能培训（LST）。LST方法旨在建立个人自我管理技能，社交技能和其他生活技能，以减少药物滥用和暴力，提高弹性，并成功地驾驭发展任务。LST计划已经过广泛的测试，并发现在一系列随机对照试验中有效地预防了药物滥用，暴力和攻击，以及危险的性行为，有18个独立的学生群体，在30多个同行评议的出版物中报告了行为影响。在本建议的第一阶段，我们将根据LST模型开发性暴力初级预防原型材料。课程材料将解决性暴力和药物滥用之间的关系;积极改变围绕酒精/药物滥用和性暴力的社会规范;培训旁观者识别和适当应对问题情况;并通过互动学习和行为排练场景建立社交，自我调节和关系技能。我们将与一年级学生和学术管理人员一起对原型材料进行焦点小组测试，以证明可行性，相关性，可用性，吸引力和概念验证。在第二阶段，我们将全面发展技能建设课程材料，并进行严格的随机对照试验，以检查干预措施的影响。40所大学将被随机分为两组，一组接受新的干预措施，另一组接受常规治疗 该小组将收到学校提供的有关性暴力的现有信息。在两个月的干预期结束时，以及在6个月和12个月的随访评估中，我们将比较行为，规范，态度和有关酒精，药物滥用和性暴力的知识的变化。最终的干预措施有望作为一种基于证据的性暴力初级预防方法，向四年制学院、社区或初级学院、大学、研究生院和专业学校、营利性学校、职业学校以及职业学校和技术学校广泛传播。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Primary Prevention of Sexual Violence among College Students. This Fast-Track SBIR proposal is designed to address the urgent need for an effective primary prevention approach to the problem of sexual violence among college students. It is estimated that 1 in every 5 college women has been sexually assaulted while in college. There is a dearth of primary prevention strategies that have demonstrated significant reductions in sexual violence in college students as part of a rigorously designed evaluation. Research shows that many victims of sexual assault are abused while drunk, under the influence of drugs, or otherwise incapacitated, and that incidents of sexual violence typically occur in college party settings where the victim knows the perpetrator and the perpetrator has been drinking or using drugs. The goal of the proposed Fast-Track study is to develop, feasibility test, and test for effectiveness an innovative new approach to the primary prevention of sexual violence among college students utilizing both digital and face-to-face intervention modalities, based on a successful evidence-based substance abuse and violence prevention approach called Life Skills Training (LST). The LST approach is designed to build personal self-management skills, social skills, and other life skills needed to reduce substance abuse and violence, increase resilience, and successfully navigate developmental tasks. The LST program has been extensively tested and found to effectively prevent substance abuse, violence and aggression, and risky sexual behaviors in a series of randomized controlled trials with 18 separate cohorts of students, with behavioral effects reported in over 30 peer-reviewed publications. In the Phase I of this proposal, we will develop prototype materials for the primary prevention of sexual violence based on the LST model. The curriculum materials will address the relationship between sexual violence and substance abuse; positively change social norms surrounding alcohol/drug abuse and sexual violence; train bystanders to identify and appropriately respond to problematic situations; and build social, self-regulation, and relationship skills through interactive learning and behavioral rehearsal scenarios. We will focus group test the prototype materials with first year students and academic administrators to demonstrate feasibility, relevance, usability, appeal, and proof-of-concept. In Phase II, we will fully develop the skills building curriculum materials and conduct a rigorous randomized controlled trial to examine the impact of the intervention. Forty colleges will be randomized into either an intervention group that will receive the new intervention or a treatment-as-usual control group that will receive the existing information on sexual violence provided at the school. At the end of a two-month intervention period, and at 6- and 12- month follow-up assessments, we will compare changes in behaviors, norms, attitudes, and knowledge regarding alcohol, drug abuse, and sexual violence. The ultimate intervention holds promise for wide dissemination as an evidence-based primary prevention approach for sexual violence to four-year colleges, community or junior colleges, universities, graduate and professional schools, for-profit schools, trade schools, and career and technical schools.