Exome screening and directed breeding of rhesus for human genetic disease models

 描述(由申请人提供)：人类中有6000多种疾病是由单基因突变引起的(RapPaport等人。2013)。对于这些情况中的许多情况，都没有合适的动物模型。由于恒河猴在基因和生理上与人类相似，它们有可能为许多人类疾病提供临床前模型。我们有初步数据表明，我们可以从外显子组测序中识别与人类疾病相关的恒河猴功能丧失突变，用PCR和Sanger测序验证这些结果，并在蛋白质水平上建立功能丧失。这项提议的总体目标是制造单基因人类遗传病的恒河猴模型。为了做到这一点，我们将在耶克斯国家灵长类研究中心(YNPRC)鉴定猕猴中自然发生的功能丧失突变。我们已经有了61种动物的外显子组序列数据。我们将使用GATK管道识别基因功能丧失突变，然后用PCR/Sanger测序验证这些突变。由于这些突变很可能处于杂合状态，我们建议对500只繁殖恒河猴进行基因分型，以获得新发现的基因座的一个子集。我们选择进行基因分型的基因座将基于这种多态是否会导致与人类疾病有关的基因内预期的功能丧失。在对足够数量的具有相同突变的动物进行基因分型和鉴定后，我们将培育多个雄性和雌性杂合子，预计产生的后代中将有25%是纯合突变。我们预计这些动物将表现出与人类相似的表型，并在直系基因中发生功能丧失突变，并作为临床前翻译研究的模型，以开始确定可能的治疗策略。完成后，该提案将产生三个不同的可交付成果。1)在Yerkes恒河猴种群的子集中存在的高影响多态的目录。2)在受影响的后代中的“概念证明”，这将在人类单基因疾病的研究中充当模型。3)开发一条管道，在耶克斯和其他机构生产更多的恒河猴人类遗传病模型。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There are over 6000 disorders in humans that result from a single gene mutation (Rappaport et al. 2013). For many of these conditions, there is no suitable animal model. Because rhesus macaques are genetically and physiologically similar to humans, they have the potential to offer preclinical models for numerous human conditions. We have preliminary data demonstrating that we can identify loss-of-function mutations in rhesus macaques related to human disease from exome sequencing, validate these results with PCR and Sanger sequencing and establish loss-of-function at the protein level. The overall goal of this proposal is to produce rhesus macaque models of single gene human genetic disorders. To accomplish this, we will identify naturally occurring loss-of-function mutations in rhesus macaques at the Yerkes National Primate Research Center (YNPRC). We already have exome sequence data from 61 animals. We will identify loss- of-function mutations in genes using the GATK pipeline and then validate these mutations with PCR/Sanger sequencing. Because these mutations are likely to be present in the heterozygous state, we propose to genotype 500 breeding rhesus macaques for a subset of the newly identified loci. The loci we choose to genotype will be based on whether the polymorphism leads to a predicted loss of function within genes implicated in human disease. After genotyping and identification of a sufficient number of animals that have the same mutation, we will breed multiple male and female heterozygotes with the expectation that 25% of the resulting offspring will be homozygous for the mutation. We expect that these animals will exhibit a phenotype similar to humans with loss-of-function mutations in the orthologous gene and serve as models for preclinical translational studies to begin to identify possible treatment strategies. When completed, this proposal will produce three distinct deliverables. 1) A catalog of high impact polymorphism present within a subset of the Yerkes rhesus population. 2) "Proof of concept" in an affected offspring that will serve as a model in the study of human single gene disorders. 3) Development of a pipeline to produce additional rhesus models of human genetic disease at Yerkes and other institutions.