Effects of Diet on Hormones, Metabolism and Body Weight

描述（由申请人提供）：近年来，儿童肥胖症的患病率急剧增加。然而，常规治疗的长期效果不佳。这种竞争性更新申请的短期目标是为主要研究者大卫路德维希，医学博士，博士提供额外5年的指导和以患者为导向的研究的保护时间。在支持的第一阶段，路德维希博士主要负责培训10名全日制研究生，博士后研究员和初级教师。此外，他还监督了其他14名个人的研究轮换或职业发展。在获奖期间的前4年，共发表了34篇科学文章（包括17篇原创研究），另有其他文章已提交或正在编写中。在最初的授予期间获得了两项新的R01赠款，这些赠款与其他正在进行或可用的研究一起，为培训初级研究人员提供了极好的机会。该项目的长期指导目标是通过提供各级机会，帮助培训儿科肥胖和营养领域的临床科学家（本科生，医学生，住院医生，研究员和初级教师）从事最先进的临床研究长期的科学目标是探索特定饮食因素对体重调节和2型糖尿病和心脏病风险的影响，并利用这些发现来设计更有效的肥胖治疗和慢性病预防方法。感兴趣的具体饮食因素包括常量营养素组成、血糖指数、纤维、乳制品、饮料消费、食品加工和产前饮食。为此，我们将采用控制喂养研究（具体目标#1），行为导向的门诊临床试验 （具体目标#2）和前瞻性观察分析（具体目标#3）。研究环境是理想的，以支持这些目标，包括哈佛CTSA（“催化剂”）的存在，最近成立的肥胖预防中心在波士顿儿童医院，众多机构培训赠款的存在，优秀的访问患者和临床材料，以及一个令人兴奋的智力环境与临床和基础研究人员在相关领域的工作。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The prevalence of obesity in children has increased dramatically in recent years. However, conventional treatment has had poor long-term effectiveness. The short-term goal of this competitive renewal application is to provide protected time for the Principal Investigator, David Ludwig, MD, PhD, for an additional 5 years of mentoring and patient-oriented research. During the first period of support, Dr. Ludwig had primary responsibility for the training of 10 full-time graduate students, post-doctoral fellows an junior faculty. In addition, he supervised 14 other individuals for research rotations or career development. A total of 34 scientific articles (including 17 original research studies) were published during the first 4 years of the award period, with additional articles submitted or in preparation. Two new R01 grants were obtained during the initial award period that, together with other ongoing or available studies, provide outstanding opportunities for training junior investigators. The long-term mentoring goal of this project is to help train clinical scientists inthe areas of pediatric obesity and nutrition by providing opportunities at all levels (undergraduate, medical student, resident, fellow and junior faculty) to work on state-of-the-art clinical research The long-term scientific goals are to explore the effects of specific dietary factors on body weight regulation and risk for type 2 diabetes and heart disease, and use these findings to design more effective approaches to obesity treatment and chronic disease prevention. The specific dietary factors of interest include macronutrient composition, glycemic index, fiber, dairy, beverage consumption, food processing and prenatal diet. Toward this end, we will employ controlled feeding study (Specific Aim #1), behaviorally-oriented outpatient clinical trials (Specific Aim #2) and prospective observational analyses (Specific Aim #3). The research environment is ideal to support these goals, including the presence of the Harvard CTSA ("The Catalyst"), the recent establishment of the Obesity Prevention Center at Boston Children's Hospital, the existence of numerous institutional training grants, outstanding access to patients and clinical materials, and an exciting intellectual environment with clinical and basic investigators working in related areas.