Heightened Performance Monitoring and Overcontrol: Neural Markers and Caregiving Processes in Developmental Risk Trajectories

项目总结 社交焦虑症、强迫症、神经性厌食症和慢性抑郁症是 所有衰弱的，慢性的，通常是耐药的精神障碍，其特点是高比率 合并症。这些障碍还共享潜在的跨诊断认知和情绪处理 风格，即加强性能监控和过度控制(研究领域标准(RDoC)) 认知系统：认知控制：绩效监控)。对于这一潜在的原因，我们知之甚少 高绩效监控和过度控制(HPM/OC)的特征是在儿童早期形成的 在精神障碍发作之前。此外，很大程度上还不清楚这种跨诊断结构如何有助于 幼儿的精神病态和社交障碍症状增加。这一知识可能 为多种疾病的预防性干预提供有意义的目标。与NIMH战略保持一致 制定计划，特别是战略目标2，“绘制精神疾病的轨迹图，以确定何时、何地和如何 这个K23应用程序旨在识别与以下相关的神经标记和护理过程 HPM/OC在幼儿中的发育风险轨迹在一个多样化的团队的指导下 儿童早期神经生理学方法、发育和照料过程方面的专家， 纵向和统计方法，以及过度控制的处理，这项建议将审查 这种NIMH RDoC结构在5-6岁儿童过渡到 学校。具体地说，这项提议将使用事件相关电位(ERPs)来识别 HPM/OC和亲子观察性互动，以评估照顾方式和二元特征。儿童 将在两年后进行评估，以调查神经标志物和照顾方式如何预测 社交焦虑、强迫症和社交障碍。调查结果将为该RDoC的发展历程提供信息 与精神疾病的轨迹相关的构造。我们的长期目标是了解生物和 HPM/OC从早期到青春期的行为发展，以便直接为干预提供信息 在疾病发作前瞄准HPM/OC。有指导的培训将使申请者获得ERP方面的专业知识 方法和分析，幼儿的发展精神病理学和照顾过程， 纵向设计和分析，以及临床翻译培训，以开始机械地识别和 针对患有HPM/OC的青少年进行早期干预。

PROJECT SUMMARY Social anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), anorexia nervosa, and chronic depression are all debilitating, chronic, and often treatment-resistant mental disorders that are characterized by high rates of comorbidity. These disorders also share an underlying transdiagnostic cognitive and emotional processing style, namely, heightened performance monitoring and overcontrol (Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Cognitive Systems: Cognitive Control: Performance Monitoring). Little is known of how this underlying characteristic of heightened performance monitoring and overcontrol (HPM/OC) develops in early childhood prior to disorder onset. Moreover, it is largely unknown how this transdiagnostic construct contributes to increasing symptoms of psychopathology and social impairment in young children. This knowledge may provide meaningful targets for preventive intervention of multiple disorders. Consistent with the NIMH Strategic plan, particularly Strategy Objective 2, to “chart mental illness trajectories to determine when, where, and how to intervene,” this K23 application aims to identify neural markers and caregiving processes associated with developmental risk trajectories of HPM/OC in young children. Under the mentorship of a diverse team of experts in neurophysiological methods, developmental and caregiving processes in early childhood, longitudinal and statistical methodology, and treatment of overcontrol, this proposal will examine the developmental psychopathology of this NIMH RDoC construct in children age 5-6 during the transition to school. Specifically, this proposal will use event-related potentials (ERPs) to identify neural markers of HPM/OC and parent-child observational interactions to assess caregiving styles and dyadic features. Children will be assessed two years later to investigate how neural markers and caregiving styles predict symptoms of social anxiety, OCD and social impairment. Findings will inform the developmental course of this RDoC construct in relation to trajectories of mental illness. The long-term goal is to understand the biological and behavioral development of HPM/OC from early ages through adolescence so as to inform interventions directly targeting HPM/OC prior to disorder onset. Mentored training will allow the applicant to gain expertise in ERP methods and analysis, developmental psychopathology and caregiving processes in young children, longitudinal design and analysis, and training in clinical translation to begin mechanistically identifying and targeting youth with HPM/OC for early intervention.