Rural Southern Contexts and Pathways to Black Men's Alcohol Use and Abuse: A Ten-Year Prospective Analysis

项目摘要 低社会经济地位（SES）黑人男性经历更多的负面后果每盎司酒精 消费比他们的白色同龄人，包括酒精使用障碍和酒精相关的伤害，社会，法律的， 刑事司法和工作困难;以及慢性疾病风险。值得注意的是，酗酒并不是一个先决条件， 消极后果;适度饮酒可能会造成更严重的后果。高之后的十年 学校是黑人男性饮酒的发展转折点。酒精使用率低， 青少年期，在青年期急剧增加。“晚发性”饮酒通常与 随着25-30岁年龄段的使用减少，慢性问题的风险降低：一种新兴的成人有限模式。 相比之下，低SES黑人男性，尽管发病较晚， 后果：酒精使用扩散模式。迄今为止，尚未进行前瞻性研究， 调查放大、维持或减轻酒精使用的心理社会过程的黑人男性 及其在成人过渡期的后果。我们建议从400个国家收集两波数据， 非裔美国人项目（African American Men's Project，AMP）AMP参与者生活在格鲁吉亚的农村地区， 长期贫困和健康方面的种族差异。男性提供了关于其使用的数据（M年龄为20.3、21.9和23.6岁） 酒精和其他药物，心理功能，以及环境和发展风险和保护 将在男子大约26.5岁和28.5岁时收集随访数据。这将允许 一项关于高中毕业后十年内酒精使用率不断上升的风险和适应力的调查 后果不言而喻。我们希望稀缺资源能够过渡到劳动力， 成人角色扮演是一个艰难的过程。有些人看不到实现未来目标的途径， 传统的机构和关系，阻止酒精使用，并尽量减少其后果。之间 在社会和经济上处于边缘地位的青年男子、长期压力和重大消极生活事件激增， 对男性的情感和认知资源征税，增加酒精使用的吸引力， 不适应性决策尽管资源贫乏的农村环境确实造成了损失，但许多人将避免 酗酒和酒精使用的后果。因此，我们还建议调查与 家庭关系，宗教信仰，应对策略和种族认同，减少酒精使用 漏洞

PROJECT SUMMARY Low-socioeconomic status (SES) Black men experience more negative consequences per ounce of alcohol consumed than do their White peers, including alcohol use disorders and alcohol-related injuries, social, legal, criminal justice, and work difficulties; and chronic disease risk. Notably, heavy drinking is not a prerequisite for negative outcomes; heightened consequences can occur at modest drinking levels. The decade after high school is a developmental inflection point for alcohol use among Black men. Alcohol use is low during adolescence, with steep increases during the young adult years. “Late onset” drinking is typically associated with declining use during ages 25-30 and reduced risk for chronic problems: an emerging adult limited pattern. In contrast, low SES Black men, despite a late onset, are at risk for escalating use and long-term consequences: an alcohol use proliferation pattern. To date, no prospective studies have been conducted with low-SES Black men that investigate the psychosocial processes that amplify, sustain, or mitigate alcohol use and its consequences across the adult transition. We propose to collect two waves of data from 400 participants in the African American Men's Project (AMP). AMP participants live in rural Georgia, a region of persistent poverty and racial disparities in health. Men provided data (M ages 20.3, 21.9, and 23.6) on their use of alcohol and other drugs, psychological functioning, and contextual and developmental risk and protective processes; follow-up data will be collected when men are approximately ages 26.5 and 28.5. This will permit an investigation of risk and resilience across the decade after high school when escalating alcohol use rates and consequences manifest. We expect that scarce resources make the transition to the workforce and to adult roles a difficult process. Some men who see no pathway to attainment of future goals, withdraw from conventional institutions and relationships that deter alcohol use and minimize its consequences. Among socially and economically marginalized young men, chronic stress and major negative life events proliferate, taxing men's emotional and cognitive resources, increasing the attractiveness of alcohol use, and promoting maladaptive decision making. Despite the toll that resource-poor rural environments exact, many will avoid heavy drinking and alcohol use consequences. We thus also propose to investigate factors associated with family relationships, religiosity, coping strategies, and racial identity that attenuate of alcohol use vulnerabilities.