Daily personalized drinking feedback delivered via mobile phone

项目摘要 许多年轻人酗酒，反过来又会经历负面后果（例如，严重受伤， 过量）。虽然个性化反馈干预（PFI）在大学生中显示出希望，但非个性化反馈干预（PFI）在大学生中显示出希望。 大学的年轻人经常被排除在研究之外，效果大小往往是小到中等，收益不是 通常保持不变，需要提高参与度和扩大覆盖面的潜力。移动的技术 可以用来提供干预，但许多移动健康平台并没有理论基础或严格的 开发和测试。初步研究表明，酒后的早晨可能代表着一种"可教的"， 目前还没有用于减少危害。我们建议检查早晨饮酒后的最佳时间， 提供重复的、个性化的反馈，以减少危险饮酒。我们特别 将进一步开发和试点测试一种新的理论为基础的PFI大量饮酒的年轻人。创新包括 移动的在接近饮用时发生的多剂量反馈的传递;反馈的选择;反馈 通过每日移动的评估了解最近的关键饮酒事件;以及使用个性化和动态目标 引导行为改变。根据跨理论模型的原则（例如，发展中 差异），干预策略包括个性化反馈（例如，夜间血液酒精浓度， 结果）与设定在基线的饮酒目标和校正规范反馈（例如，如何 昨晚的饮酒与同龄人相比）。我们有关于这种干预的有希望的初步数据;然而， 试点参与者仅包括大学生。此外，他们还因遵守每日调查而获得报酬 这为他们的反馈提供了信息，但在没有金钱奖励的情况下参与对可扩展性至关重要。在 在拟议的研究中，我们将结合最终用户的反馈，以提高参与度， 支付以便确定与更可缩放的（即，每日PFI。第一，一个精炼的版本 我们的移动的每日PFI将在一个开放的试验交付给20个重度饮酒的年轻人（50%非大学）。 在四周的日常干预后，参与者将返回进行个人访谈，以告知进一步的改进 的干预内容。最后，132名参与者（50%非大学生）将被随机分为三组： 对每日调查有金钱奖励的PFI，没有金钱奖励的PFI，或仅调查评估。我们 将检查招聘率、保留率、干预内容交付/接收确认、响应 每日调查率、数据质量和干预价值评级。我们将测试这些指标是否 接受和不接受每日调查金钱奖励的人之间的参与程度不同。此外，本发明还 基线、测试后和3个月随访评估将使我们能够估计PFI与对照组的效应量 每周饮酒量的差异，酗酒的频率和负面影响。的结果 拟议的研究将导致一种新的和可扩展的干预措施，用于年轻人的酒精滥用， 可能对高危饮酒的公共卫生问题产生重要影响。

PROJECT SUMMARY Many young adults engage in heavy drinking and in turn experience negative consequences (e.g., severe injury, overdose). While personalized feedback interventions (PFIs) show promise among college students, non- college young adults are often excluded from research, effect sizes tend to be small to medium, gains are not usually maintained, and improvements in engagement and potential for reach are needed. Mobile technology can be harnessed to deliver intervention, but many mHealth platforms are not theoretically based or rigorously developed and tested. Preliminary work suggests that the morning after drinking may represent a “teachable moment” not yet exploited for harm reduction. We propose to examine mornings after drinking as an optimal time to provide repeated, personalized feedback with the goal of reducing hazardous drinking. Specifically, we will further develop and pilot test a novel theory-based PFI for heavy drinking young adults. Innovations include mobile delivery of feedback in multiple doses that occur close in time to drinking; choice of feedback; feedback informed by daily, mobile assessment of recent key drinking events; and use of personalized and dynamic goal setting to guide behavior change. In line with principles of the transtheoretical model (e.g., developing discrepancy), intervention strategies include personalized feedback (e.g., prior night blood alcohol concentration, consequences) contrasted with both drinking goals set at baseline and corrective normative feedback (e.g., how last night’s drinking compares to peers). We have promising preliminary data on this intervention; however, prior pilot participants included only college students. Further, they were paid for compliance with the daily surveys that informed their feedback, but engagement in the absence of monetary reward is essential to scalability. In the proposed study, we will incorporate end-user feedback on ways to increase engagement, and manipulate payment in order to determine engagement with a more scalable (i.e., unpaid) daily PFI. First, a refined version of our mobile daily PFI will be delivered in an open trial to 20 heavy drinking young adults (50% non-college). After four weeks of daily intervention, participants will return for individual interviews to inform further refinement of the intervention content. Finally, 132 participants (50% non-college) will be randomized to one of three groups: PFI with monetary incentives for daily surveys, PFI without monetary incentives, or survey assessment only. We will examine recruitment rates, retention rates, confirmation of intervention content delivery/intake, response rates to daily surveys, data quality, and ratings of intervention value. We will test whether these indicators of engagement differ between those who do and do not receive monetary incentives for daily surveys. Further, baseline, post-test, and 3-month follow-up assessments will allow us to estimate effect sizes for PFI vs control differences in drinks per week, frequency of heavy drinking, and negative consequences. The results of the proposed research will result in a novel and scalable intervention for alcohol misuse among young adults, with potential to have an important impact on the public health problem of high-risk drinking.