Research Project 3: Intergenerational Transmission of Neuroimmune Vulnerabilities for Addictive Behaviors among African American Youth: A Three Generation Study

项目概要：研究项目3 我们提出了研究项目3（RP 3）的背景下，P50卓越研究中心：中心 转化和预防科学（CTAPS）。CTAPS自2003年以来一直得到资助 （P20 MH 068666; P30 DA 027827）推进下一代风险的基本和预防性调查， 生活在资源贫乏社区的非洲裔美国年轻人的韧性和药物使用 美国东南部根据NIDA神经科学家取得的进展，我们最近扩大了我们的 计划考虑社会逆境对高脂肪/高糖食品消费的影响， 也可以被认为是一种成瘾行为，它吸收了许多与药物相同的神经回路 虐待了解成瘾行为脆弱性的发展和预防具有重要意义 对预防药物滥用和心脏代谢疾病的意义。P50的设计目的是 通过测试改变对成瘾行为的病因学和预防的科学认识 神经免疫网络（NIN）模型提出的假设，与家族和背景相关， 这些因素，有助于药物使用，不健康的饮食习惯和心脏代谢健康的发展 问题在RP 3中，我们关注格鲁吉亚的农村非裔美国人家庭，其中贫困和失业 是全国最高的。这些家庭的父母在成长过程中参与了 强大的非洲裔美国家庭健康青少年/成人项目（SHAPE; R 01 HD 030588）。在RP 3中，我们 我建议利用SHAPE样本来测试关于成瘾行为脆弱性如何影响 代代相传我们建议调查多代风险和弹性途径 将NIN模型提出的慢性SES和种族相关压力、养育行为和风险因素联系起来 青春期前儿童的成瘾行为脆弱性和心脏代谢风险。我们将联合收割机 关于祖父母和父母的数据，目前正在从R 01 HD 030588资助的父母那里收集数据， 以及从父母和孩子那里收集新的数据，这一建议将得到支持。我们的首要目标是 调查SES和种族相关压力暴露对几代人影响的风险途径 儿童成瘾行为的脆弱性和心脏代谢健康。我们的主要终点是儿童的 （~ 11岁）成瘾行为脆弱性和心脏代谢健康。我们假设暴露于 社会经济地位和种族相关的压力促进了一系列影响儿童成长的过程。 易上瘾行为和他们的心脏代谢健康。通过这些机制，SES- 和种族相关的压力促进儿童的成瘾行为的脆弱性和心脏代谢的风险包括（a） 使用严厉的，不支持的养育方法，和（B）NIN风险因素（炎症和行为-以及 NIN模型提出的情绪调节困难），和（c）成瘾行为（父母使用酒精， 尼古丁和其他药物，以及他们的不健康饮食。

PROJECT SUMMARY: Research Project 3 We propose Research Project 3 (RP3) in the context of a P50 Research Center of Excellence: The Center for Translational and Prevention Science (CTAPS). CTAPS has been funded continuously since 2003 (P20MH068666; P30DA027827) to advance next-generation basic and preventive investigations of risk, resilience, and drug use among African American young people living in resource-poor communities in the southeastern US. Informed by advances that NIDA neuroscientists have made, we recently expanded our program to consider the influence of social adversity on the consumption of high fat/high sugar foods, which also can be considered an addictive behavior, co-opting many of the same neural circuitries as does drug abuse. Understanding the development and prevention of addictive behavior vulnerabilities has significant implications for preventing both drug abuse and cardiometabolic disease. The proposed P50 is designed to transform scientific understanding regarding the etiology and prevention of addictive behavior by testing hypotheses suggested by a neuroimmune network (NIN) model that, in concert with familial and contextual factors, contributes to the development of drug use, unhealthy eating habits, and cardiometabolic health problems. In RP3, we focus on rural African American families in Georgia in which poverty and unemployment rates are among the highest in the nation. The parents in these families have grown up taking part in the Strong African American Families Healthy Adolescent/Adult Project (SHAPE; R01HD030588). In RP3, we propose to leverage the SHAPE sample to test hypotheses regarding how addictive behavior vulnerabilities are transmitted across generations. We propose to investigate multigenerational risk and resilience pathways linking chronic SES- and race-related stress, parenting behavior, and risk factors suggested by the NIN model to preadolescent children’s addictive behavior vulnerability and cardiometabolic risk. We will combine extant data on grandparents and parents, data currently being collected from parents that R01HD030588 is funding, and collection of new data from parents and children that this proposal will support. Our first aim is to investigate the risk pathways through which SES- and race-related stress exposure across generations affects children’s addictive behavior vulnerabilities and cardiometabolic health. Our primary endpoints are children’s (~age 11) addictive behavior vulnerabilities and cardiometabolic health. We hypothesize that exposure to SES- and race-related stressors promotes a chain of processes generations that affects children’s vulnerabilities to addictive behavior and their cardiometabolic health. The mechanisms through which SES- and race-related stress promote children’s addictive behavior vulnerability and cardiometabolic risk include (a) use of harsh, unsupportive parenting practices and, (b) NIN risk factors (inflammation and behavior- and emotion-regulation difficulties suggested by the NIN model), and (c) addictive behavior (parents’ use of alcohol, nicotine, and other drugs, as well as their unhealthy eating.