Evaluating sexual orientation and gender identity measurement methods to improve research on cigarette relighting

摘要 本申请是对特别利益通知(NOSI)的回应，该通知被标识为“非CA-CA- 23-032.“香烟重新点燃--熄灭、保存，然后重新点燃未完成的香烟--是一个复杂的 可能增加毒物暴露并对戒烟结果产生负面影响的普遍行为。重新照明 在与烟草相关的发病率和疾病负担不成比例的人群中尤其常见 死亡率，我们的初步工作表明，这包括性少数和性别少数(SGM)个人 抽烟的人。然而，目前还没有发表过关于这些人重新照明的研究。而父R01是 旨在填补重新照明流行率、相关性及其对毒物影响的研究中的重要空白 对于暴露和停止，它不是专门为检查SGM个体的重新点燃行为而设计的。 从历史上看，缺乏性取向认同和性别认同(SOGI)的国家衡量标准 导致了SOGI测量的异质性，导致了对危险行为和健康的不一致估计 在SGM人群中的结果。为了解决这个问题，美国国家科学院、工程院和 医学(NASEM)发布了一份NIH委托的2022年SOGI测量报告，提供了 关于衡量SOGI的建议，以及对知识差距和未来研究需求的核算， 其中包括评估SOGI问题措辞和顺序对回答行为的影响。对于这个项目， 我们提出了一项调查实验，将直接满足本报告中描述的研究需求并增强 亲本R01通过允许估计SGM个体之间的重新照度和重新照度的相关性。 具体地说，我们将把2x2x2受试者之间的在线调查实验嵌入到现有的连续、交叉- 基于网络的部分研究，考察SOGI问题顺序和回答选项对调查的影响 响应行为(目标1)，并评估SOGI测量选择对重新照明估计的影响 SGM群体之间的行为和相互关系(目标2)。这项拟议的研究将是第一个检查 在SGM个人中重新照明行为的相关性和流行率，并将通知和改善SOGI 衡量，这对于确定特殊转基因人口和解决导致 这些人的健康结果各不相同。

ABSTRACT This application is being submitted in response to the Notice of Special Interest (NOSI) identified as “NOT-CA- 23-032.” Cigarette relighting—extinguishing, saving, and later relighting unfinished cigarettes—is a complex and prevalent behavior that may increase toxicant exposure and negatively impact cessation outcomes. Relighting is particularly common among populations who bear a disproportionate burden of tobacco-related morbidity and mortality, and our preliminary work suggests that this includes sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals who smoke. Yet, there is no published research on relighting among these individuals. While the parent R01 is designed to fill important gaps in the research on relighting prevalence, correlates, and its impact on toxicant exposure and cessation, it is not designed to examine relighting behaviors among SGM individuals specifically. Historically, lack of national measurement standards for sexual orientation identity and gender identity (SOGI) has led to heterogeneity in SOGI measurement, resulting in inconsistent estimates of risk behaviors and health outcomes among SGM populations. To address this, the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) released an NIH-commissioned report on SOGI measurement in 2022 that provided recommendations for measuring SOGI, as well as an accounting of knowledge gaps and future research needs, which include assessing the effects of SOGI question wording and order on response behaviors. For this project, we propose a survey experiment that will directly address research needs described in this report and augment the parent R01 by enabling estimation of relighting and correlates of relighting among SGM individuals. Specifically, we will embed a 2x2x2 between-subjects online survey experiment into an existing serial, cross- sectional web-based study to examine the impact of SOGI question order and response options on survey response behaviors (Aim 1) and assess the impact of SOGI measurement choices on estimates of relighting behaviors and correlates among SGM populations (Aim 2). The proposed study will be the first to examine correlates and prevalence of relighting behaviors among SGM individuals and will inform and improve SOGI measurement, which is essential for identifying SGM populations and addressing the factors that lead to disparate health outcomes among these individuals.