Investigating Novel Correlates of Indoor Tanning Experiences: Project INCITE

皮肤癌是最常见的人类恶性肿瘤，与紫外线辐射（UVR）有关，特别是当照射来自人造光源时。与日光浴相比，日光浴床在较短的时间内释放出更多的紫外线，大大增加了患皮肤癌的风险。虽然大多数皮肤癌不是致命的，但它们很常见，代价高昂，而且会对健康和外表造成毁灭性的影响。尽管室内晒黑比日光浴更容易引发皮肤癌，但很少有关于室内晒黑的研究，尤其是在年轻女性中。研究通常涉及非常简短的调查或访谈，没有深入探讨问题，也没有调查室内晒黑与心理和成瘾症状之间的关系。先前的研究提供了晒黑亭使用的比率和相关性，但主要集中在青少年身上。然而，多达一半的年轻成年女性可能是室内晒黑者。该项目的具体目标是：(1)评估室内晒黑的动机，并确定年轻成年女性不同亚组的动机概况；(2)评估日光浴是否存在类似的关联和概况，以及防晒霜使用等皮肤保护行为是否存在反比关系。研究设计包括详细的调查和结构化的临床访谈，以探索室内美黑的外观，情感和成瘾动机，并描绘皮肤损伤和潜在皮肤癌高风险的年轻成年女性的心理特征。正如文献所建议的那样，我们期望能够识别出在室内晒黑相关因素方面存在质量差异的年轻成年女性亚群。尽管知道对健康的危害，年轻妇女经常在室内晒黑；因此，他们潜在的复杂动机需要进一步调查。基于本研究的结果，我们计划设计并测试一种新的干预措施，以解决年轻成年女性室内晒黑者的相关心理和成瘾问题。

Skin cancer, the most common human malignancy, is associated with ultraviolet radiation (UVR), particularly when exposure is from artificial sources. Tanning beds emit more UVR over a shorter period of time than sunbathing, greatly increasing the risk for the development of skin cancers. While most skin cancers are not fatal, they are common, costly, and can have devastating effects on health and appearance. Little research has been conducted on indoor tanning despite its stronger association with skin cancer than sunbathing, particularly among young women. Studies have typically involved very brief surveys or interviews that have not explored the issues in an in-depth manner or investigated relationships between indoor tanning and psychological and addictive symptoms. Prior studies have provided rates and correlates of tanning booth use but have focused primarily on young adolescents. However, up to one half of young adult women may be indoor tanners. The specific aims of the proposed project are to: (1) evaluate motivations for indoor tanning and identify motivational profiles of different subgroups of young adult females and (2) evaluate whether similar associations and profiles hold for sunbathing and inverse relationships exist for skin protective behavior such as sunscreen use. The study design involves a detailed survey and structured clinical interview to explore the appearance, affective, and addictive motivations of indoor tanning and delineate psychological profiles of young adult women at high risk for skin damage and potential skin cancer. As suggested by the literature, we anticipate being able to identify subgroups of young adult females who are qualitatively different from one another in terms of correlates of indoor tanning. Young women often tan indoors despite knowledge of the health hazards; therefore, their potentially complex motivations need to be further investigated. Based on the results of this study, we plan to design and test a novel intervention that addresses relevant psychological and addictive problems among young adult female indoor tanners.