Meta-Analysis of Interventions to Increase Exercise/Physical Acivity

充足的体力活动可以预防或延缓许多慢性疾病，并提高生活质量。 尽管有这些有据可查的好处，人们接受和保持锻炼的比例低得惊人，而且远远低于 太多的人完全久坐不动。这部分是由于我们对它的了解有限。 干预措施有助于增加活动。尽管许多初步研究已经测试了旨在 活动增加，但他们的研究结果仍然没有综合，这种情况严重阻碍了这两方面的进展。 研究和实践。该项目的目的是整合有关干预措施的科学知识， 增加健康人的身体活动。该项目旨在实现以下具体目标： 确定有关增加体力活动的干预措施的研究基础的强度。 具体说明干预措施对身体活动和锻炼行为的影响。 区分因素，适度的干预措施，以增加运动和体力活动的影响。 我们的研究小组已经在一份发表的综合报告中使用了所提出的方法，该报告关注的是老龄化受试者， 在一个正在进行的NIH资助的运动干预慢性病成人的荟萃分析。一个 极其广泛和严格的文献检索将避免典型的有限检索所造成的偏倚。 策略包括计算机化搜索，祖先搜索，登记和数据库搜索，手工搜索。 检索选定的期刊，审查研究生项目，审查会议/协会 摘要，并与检索研究的资深作者和NIH资助的主要研究者联系 问题研究独立的数据提取器将可靠地编码干预，方法和参与者属性 来解决研究目标。分析计划包括：cf-指数，以标准化的影响大小， 未加权和样本量加权计算，固定和随机效应模型下的分析， 在后续分析中对方法学调节者的潜在控制，以及同质性分析（Qt，Qw）， 检测干预组件效果。例如，主持人分析将揭示干预 特征（例如自我监测）与身体活动的较大增加相关。少数群体和 还将审查干预效果方面的性别差异。调查结果将改善公共卫生 通过综合不同的结果，可以设计出有效的干预方案， 增加他们的身体活动，以满足公共卫生目标。令人信服的重要性和广泛的范围， 这项工作需要资金来实现这些重要目标。

Adequate physical activity can prevent or delay many chronic illnesses and enhance the quality of life. Despite these well-documented benefits, people adopt and maintain exercise at alarmingly low rates, and far too many people are entirely sedentary. This is due in part to our limited understanding of which interventions work to increase activity. Although many primary studies have tested interventions designed to increase activity, their findings remain unsynthesized, a condition that seriously impedes progress in both research and practice. The purpose of this project is to integrate scientific knowledge about interventions to increase physical activity in healthy people. The project addresses these specific aims: ¿ Determine the strength of the research base about interventions to increase physical activity. ¿ Specify the effect of interventions on physical activity and exercise behavior. ¿ Distinguish factors that moderate the effect of interventions to increase exercise and physical activity. Our research team has used the proposed methods in a published synthesis focused on aging subjects and in an in-progress NIH-funded meta-analysis of exercise interventions among chronically ill adults. An extremely extensive and rigorous literature search will avoid the bias caused by typical limited searches. Strategies include computerized searches, ancestry searches, registry and database searches, hand searches of selected journals, reviews of graduate projects, examination of conference/association abstracts, and contacts with senior authors on retrieved studies and principal investigators of NIH-funded studies. Independent data extractors will reliably code intervention, methodological and participant attributes that address the research aims. Analysis plans include: cf-index to standardize the magnitude of effect, both unweighted and sample size weighted calculations, analyses under both fixed and random effects models, potential control for methodological moderators in subsequent analysis, and homogeneity analysis (Qt, Qw) to detect intervention component effects. For example, the moderator analysis will reveal intervention characteristics (e.g. self-monitoring) are associated with larger increases in physical activity. Minority and gender differences in intervention effectiveness will be examined as well. Findings will improve public health by synthesizing diverse results so that interventions can be designed for effective programs that help people increase their physical activity to meet public health goals. The compelling importance and broad scope of this work make funding necessary to achieve these important aims.