Scaling-up Prevention Services for Early Drug Abuse Risk in School Systems

描述（由申请人提供）：将基于证据的实践应用到现实世界中，既是公共卫生和教育的高度优先事项，也是一项挑战。在过去的三十年中，一些针对攻击性、破坏性行为和其他药物滥用、暴力和辍学等先前风险因素的预防性干预措施在随机现场试验中显示出短期和长期的影响。挑战在于，如何在保持高质量的实现保真度的同时将这些程序转移到一般实践中，人们知之甚少。拟议的R21将为发展或形成性研究提供资金，为扩大充分开发和有效的基于课堂的行为管理策略-良好行为游戏（GBG）奠定基础。具体而言，本R21中提出的工作将导致后续的R01，用于随机现场试验，旨在测试旨在支持高质量实施GBG的系统级干预的有效性。这里提出的预防服务工作两年计划的主要目的是发展地区伙伴关系，确定影响计划实施的社区层面因素，并确保后续完全随机试验的干预措施、措施和设计要求的可接受性、适用性和相关性。申请独立R21的目的是提前完成之前的工作，以便在更短、更经济的时间内完成工作，并提交R01。拟议的工作建立在AIR的学校教育和预防研究综合中心（AIR）、美国教师联合会（AFT）、约翰霍普金斯大学、彭博公共卫生学院、南佛罗里达大学预防科学方法论小组（PSMG）、摩根州立大学（MSU）和以下学区之间一套独特的密切机构伙伴关系的基础上：珀斯安博伊公立学校新泽西州，休斯顿独立学区得克萨斯州和巴尔的摩城市公立学校系统MD.公共卫生相关性：拟议的工作为预防服务研究的下一阶段奠定了基础，该研究旨在传播以证据为基础的项目，以防止学校滥用药物和其他有害后果。研究中的几个空白将得到解决，包括需要研究人员/社区机构伙伴关系模型，需要理论驱动的系统级干预措施，旨在改善项目传播，以及更好地衡量实施情况和影响项目实施的因素。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Moving evidence-based practices into real world settings is both a high priority and a challenge for public health and education. Over the past three decades a number of preventive interventions directed at aggressive, disruptive behavior and other antecedent risk factors for drug abuse, violence, and school drop-out have shown both short-term and long-term impact in randomized field trials. The challenge is that little is known about how to move these programs into general practice while maintaining high quality fidelity of implementation. The proposed R21 will provide funds for the developmental or formative research to lay the groundwork for scaling up a fully developed and effective classroom-based behavior management strategy, the Good Behavior Game (GBG). Specifically, the work proposed in this R21 will lead to a subsequent R01 for a randomized field trial aimed at testing the effectiveness of a systems level intervention designed to support high quality implementation of GBG. The major purpose of the two-year plan of prevention services work proposed here is to develop district partnerships, determine community level factors that influence program implementation, and ensure the acceptance, applicability and relevance of the intervention, measures, and design requirements for the subsequent fully randomized trial. This application for an independent R21 is deliberately designed to advance prior work so as to accomplish the work in a shorter, more cost efficient time period and lead to the submission of a R01. The proposed work builds on a unique set of close institutional partnerships between AIR's Center for Integrating Education and Prevention Research in Schools (AIR), the American Federation of Teachers (AFT), Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, the Prevention Science Methodology Group (PSMG) based at the University of South Florida, Morgan State University (MSU), and the following school districts: Perth Amboy Public Schools NJ, Houston Independent School District TX, and Baltimore City Public School System MD. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed work builds a foundation for the next stage of prevention services research on dissemination of evidence-based programs in schools to prevent drug abuse and other deleterious outcomes. Several gaps in the research will be addressed including the need for models of researcher/community institution partnership, for theory driven systems-level interventions aimed at improving program dissemination, and for better measurement of implementation and the factors influencing program implementation.