MRI-mediated radiofrequency ablation

描述（由申请人提供）：申报项目的目的是开发一种与MRI扫描仪配合使用的射频消融技术。除了为手术提供图像引导外，扫描仪还将通过使用其自身的射频（RF）传输来介导组织加热和凝固，从而提供消融机制。该项目的具体目标是：证明在扫描过程中使用MRI扫描仪的固有射频传输的能量沉积来产生足够的热量进行消融的可行性;进行数值和实验研究，以确定通过使用扫描仪的射频传输进行MRI引导消融的最佳解决方案;开发一个独立的射频消融和成像原型，其发热量可控;并进行技术实验和动物研究，以证明探针在局部MR成像的同时消融组织的能力。预期的临床产品将是一次性、独立的消融探头，可用于各种临床应用的任何MRI扫描仪。利用美国近10，000台扫描仪的大型安装基础，新技术将为全国范围内的公众提供先进的微创技术，用于各种临床手术，包括各种肿瘤（肝，肺，乳腺，前列腺，肾脏）的消融。该技术将通过罗宾医疗公司，该公司将开发新的消融设备，以及马萨诸塞州总医院的一个团队，该团队将支持对该概念的不同潜在实施方案的初步分析和使用设备原型的实验工作。拟议项目旨在开发一种消融（加热）技术，该技术基于使用磁共振成像（MRI）来指导和实施手术。一方面，由于MRI是产生医学图像以引导RF（射频能量）消融的最佳手段，另一方面，由于在美国各地广泛使用MRI扫描仪，因此该技术将使全国范围内都能使用RF消融。由于这种微创手术通常作为门诊手术进行，因此它取代了开放式外科手术，因此可以帮助降低医疗保健系统的费用，并有助于降低风险，减少不适和加快患者的康复。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The objective of the proposed project is to develop an RF ablation technique for use with MRI scanners. In addition to providing image-guidance to the procedure, the scanner will also provide the ablation mechanism through the use of its own radio-frequency (RF) transmission to mediate tissue heating and coagulation. The specific aims of the project are: to demonstrate the feasibility of using energy deposition from native RF transmission of MRI scanner during scan to create sufficient heat for issue ablation; to conduct numerical and experimental studies to define the optimal solution for MRI- guided ablation by the use of RF transmission by the scanner; to develop a self- contained prototype for RF ablation and imaging with controllable heat generation; and to conduct technical experiments and animal studies to demonstrate the ability of the probe to ablate tissues simultaneously with local MR imaging. The envisioned clinical product will be a disposable, self-contained, ablation probe that can be used on any MRI scanner for various clinical applications. Using the large installed base of close to 10,000 scanners in the USA, the new technology will provide a nation-wide public access to an advanced, minimally invasive technology for various clinical procedures, including ablation of various tumors (liver, lung, breast, prostate, kidney). The technology will be developed through collaboration between Robin Medical, Inc., that will develop the new ablation device, and a team at the Massachusetts General Hospital that will support the initial analysis of the different potential embodiments of the concept and the experimental work with the device prototypes. The proposed project aims to develop an ablation (heating) technique that is based on the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to guide and to conduct the procedure. As MRI is the best means to produce medical images to guide RF (radiofrequency energy) ablation on one hand, and as there is wide public accessibility to MRI scanners throughout the USA on the other hand, this technology will enable nation-wide access to RF ablation. Because this minimally invasive procedure is typically done as an outpatient procedure, it replaces open surgical procedures, and thus may help to decrease the expenses of the healthcare system and to contribute to lower risk, reduced discomfort and speedier recovery of patients.