Behavior Science Core

行为科学核心有20年的历史，呼应我们的MRDDRC作为一个整体。我们有 从一个相对集中的努力，支持半打项目发展成为一个多方面的资源，这 在目前的资助期内，已经为超过85个项目的生产力做出了贡献。这段历史，连同我们的 目前的计划，在这里简要概述。 自1988年成立以来，行为科学核心已经进行了数百次合作 并经历了其能力和资源的动态增长，正如预期的那样，鉴于其使命是 为我们快速发展的心理领域的大型和多样化的研究计划提供核心支持 发育迟缓（MR）和发育障碍（DD）。最初，核心侧重于结合 应用行为分析师和对研究大脑行为关系感兴趣的生物医学科学家， 行为模式和行为症状。在Michael Cataldo的指导下，核心提供了 研究环境变量如何与行为问题的预防和减少相关的专业知识 在MR/DD患者中。提供了行为分析专门知识，以促进 肯尼迪研究所和约翰霍普金斯大学的行为和生物学研究人员， 药Cataldo博士和基思·斯利弗博士在一名研究助理的协助下，最初担任核心工作人员。的 当时提供的服务主要集中在行为观察系统的设计，行为数据 收集和分析。行为测量已经使用标准测量完成 建立在行为文献或设计定制的数据收集方法，以满足 MRDDRC研究人员的独特需求（例如，Naidu，Hyman，Piazza等人，1990年;广场，费舍尔，和莫泽， 1991年）。在最初的融资期间，核心还提供了行为管理服务， 学习和行为原则，以最大限度地提高研究参与者与研究方案的合作， 神经成像（Reiss，Aylward，Freund等，1991年;）和药物依从性（Babaly，教区，Brierly，Kohr， 1991年）。在供资初期，有6个研究项目和5名调查人员使用了核心数据库。

The Behavior Science Core has a twenty year history echoing that of our MRDDRC as a whole. We have evolved from a relatively focused effort supporting half a dozen projects to a multifaceted resource that, this current funding period, has contributed to the productivity of over 85 projects. This history, together with our current plans, is briefly summarized here. Since its establishment in 1988, the Behavior Science Core has been engaged in hundreds of collaborations and experienced dynamic growth in its capabilities and resources, as would be expected given its mission of providing core support to a large and diverse program of research in our rapidly evolving field of mental retardation (MR) and developmental disabilities (DD). Initially, the Core focused on combining the expertise of applied behavior analysts with that of biomedical scientists interested in studying brain-behavior relationships, patterns of behavior and behavioral symptoms. Under the direction of Michael Cataldo, the Core provided expertise for studying how environmental variables relate to the prevention and reduction of behavior problems in individuals with MR/DD. Behavior analysis expertise was provided to facilitate the interaction between behavioral and biological investigators at the Kennedy Institute and the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. Drs. Cataldo and Keith Slifer, assisted by one Research Associate, originally staffed the Core. The services provided at that time focused on the design of behavioral observation systems, behavioral data collection and analysis. Behavioral measurement was accomplished using standard measures already established in the behavioral literature or by designing customized data collection approaches to meet the unique needs of MRDDRC researchers (e.g. Naidu, Hyman, Piazza et al., 1990; Piazza, Fisher, & Moser, 1991). During the initial funding period, the Core also provided behavior management services that employed principles of learning and behavior to maximize research participant cooperation with study protocols requiring neuroimaging (Reiss, Aylward, Freund et al., 1991;)and medication adherence (Babbitt, Parish, Brierly, Kohr, 1991). During the initial period of funding, six research projects and five investigators utilized the Core.