Primate Veterinarian Training at the WaNPRC

摘要： 非人灵长类动物（NHP）对生物医学和行为研究至关重要， 在生物医学和行为研究中的重要性是有据可查的。NHP关闭 分子、免疫、生殖和神经系统与人类的关系， 它们对于生物医学研究、测试和开发工作至关重要， 推动人类健康倡议。国家研究资源中心（NCRR） 以及其他NIH研究所和中心投入大量资源支持 国家灵长类动物研究中心（NPRC）和其他公共资助的NHP资源。 还为使用这些物种的基础和转化研究提供了主要支持。 临床兽医必须接受额外的培训和经验， 在兽医学校接受专业培训，以提供适当的和 优质临床护理和菌落管理。对使用的需求增加 生物医学调查中的NHP，以及潜在致命的 将使用NHP模式研究的疾病，如SARS、流感和肝炎 预计将加剧兽医的短缺， NHP临床护理和菌落管理。 本申请的目的是减少 由于缺乏合格的兽医， 支持在四年期间对三名常驻兽医进行各方面的培训 NHP非人类灵长类动物医学，外科手术，护理和管理，以及相关的 基础NHP生物学、遗传学、行为学、病理学、生产和 职业健康和安全。叙述：公共卫生的重要性 证明了对受过实验动物医学培训的兽医的持续要求 在最近的出版物中， 生物医学研究中兽医的国家需求和优先事项 国家科学院出版社（2004年）（http：//www.nap.edu/books/0309090830/html/index.html）。中概述的 在这份文件中，NIH资助的利用动物的赠款数量从2008年的2009年的2 从1995年到2002年，ACLAM认证的实验室动物兽医数量仅增加了 百分之十五这表明合格兽医的数量明显不足（根据测量 通过ACLAM认证）在生物医学研究环境中照顾实验室动物。此外，本发明还 引用的文件表明，完成住院医师计划的兽医人数为 2002年比1996年低25%。合格兽医的短缺在研究机构中加剧 利用非人灵长类动物（NHP），因为目前的许多实验室动物医学培训 计划不提供护理和使用NHP和兽医的经验， 啮齿动物和非NHP物种可能不愿意与NHP合作，因为缺乏 知识、舒适度和感知风险。另一个重要的问题是， 使用NHP经常受到机构动物护理和使用部门更严格的审查 委员会（IACUC），外部监督和监管机构和动物权利组织。在 除了为用于研究的动物提供充分兽医护理的伦理要求外， 对非人灵长类动物的日益严格的审查使得有必要拥有足够数量的高度 合格且经验丰富的兽医负责其护理和使用。预计各国 提供这种住院医师培训将有助于缓解合格和有经验的医生短缺的问题。 兽医，并帮助确保为基础和 转化生物医学研究

Abstract: Nonhuman primates (NHP) are critical to biomedical and behavioral research and their importance in biomedical and behavioral research is well documented. NHPs' close molecular, immunological, reproductive, and neurological relationship to humans makes them essential for biomedical research, testing and development efforts necessary to advance human health initiatives. The National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) and other NIH Institutes and Centers invest substantial resources in support of the National Primate Research Centers (NPRC) and other publicly funded NHP resources. Major support is also provided for basic and translational research using these species. Clinical veterinarians must receive additional training and experience beyond the professional training received in veterinary school in order to provide appropriate and quality clinical care and colony management. The increased demand for the use of NHPs in biomedical investigations, and emergence and spread of potentially deadly diseases such as SARS, influenza, and hepatitis that will be studied using NHP modes is expected to exacerbate the shortage of veterinarians who are properly educated in NHP clinical care and colony management. The purpose of this application to reduce this shortage of appropriately qualified veterinarians by requesting funding to provide support for training of three resident veterinarians over a four year period in all aspects of NHP nonhuman primate medicine, surgery, care, and management, as well as related areas such as basic NHP biology, genetics, behavior, pathology, production, and occupational health and safety. Narrative: Public Health Importance The ongoing requirement for veterinarians who are trained in laboratory animal medicine was demonstrated in the recent publication titled National Need and Priorities for Veterinarians in Biomedical Research National Academy Press (2004) (http://www.nap.edu/books/0309090830/html/index.html). As outlined in this document, the number of NIH funded grants utilizing animals increased by approximately 32% from 1995 through 2002, while the number of ACLAM certified laboratory animal veterinarians increased by only 15%. This demonstrates an obvious shortfall in the number of veterinarians that are qualified (as measured by ACLAM certification) to care for laboratory animals in a biomedical research setting. Additionally, referenced document indicated that the number of veterinarians who completed residency programs was 25% lower in 2002 than 1996. This shortage of qualified veterinarians is exacerbated in research facilities that utilize nonhuman primates (NHP) because many of the current laboratory animal medicine training programs do not offer experience in the care and use of NHP and veterinarians that are trained primarily with rodent and species other than NHPs may be reluctant to work with NHPs because of lack of knowledge, comfort level and perceived risk. Another important concern is that projects and programs utilizing NHPs are frequently subjected to more intense scrutiny by Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees (IACUC), external oversight and regulatory agencies and animal rights organizations. In addition to the ethical requirement to provide adequate veterinary care for animals used in research, the increased scrutiny afforded nonhuman primates makes it imperative to have adequate numbers of highly qualified and experienced veterinarians who are responsible for their care and use. It is anticipated that provision of this residency training will help to alleviate the shortage of adequately qualified and experienced veterinarians and help to assure that appropriate care is provided for NHPs used in both basic and translational biomedical research.