Behavior Science Core

行为科学核心已经有20年的历史了，这与我们MRDDRC的整体历史相呼应。我们有 从一个支持六个项目的相对集中的工作演变为一个多方面的资源，这 在目前的供资期限内，已为85多个项目的生产率作出了贡献。这段历史，连同我们的 目前的计划，在这里简要总结。 自1988年成立以来，行为科学核心已经参与了数百次合作 并经历了能力和资源的动态增长，这是可以预期的，因为它的使命是 为我们快速发展的心智领域的大型和多样化的研究项目提供核心支持 发育迟缓(MR)和发育障碍(DD)。最初，核心侧重于结合以下方面的专业知识 应用行为分析员和对研究大脑-行为关系感兴趣的生物医学科学家的行为分析员， 行为模式和行为症状。在Michael Cataldo的指导下，Core提供了 研究环境变量如何与预防和减少行为问题有关的专门知识 在患有MR/DD的个体中。提供了行为分析专业知识，以促进 肯尼迪研究所和约翰霍普金斯大学学院的行为和生物学研究人员 医学。Cataldo博士和Keith Slifer博士在一名研究助理的协助下，最初是Core的工作人员。这个 当时提供的服务侧重于行为观察系统、行为数据的设计 收集和分析。行为测量已经使用标准测量完成 或通过设计定制的数据收集方法来满足 MRDDRC研究人员的独特需求(例如，Naidu，Hyman，Piazza等，1990；Piazza，Fisher，&Moser， 1991年)。在最初的资助期间，核心还提供了行为管理服务，雇用了 学习和行为原则，以最大限度地提高研究参与者与研究方案的合作要求 神经成像(Reiss，Aylward，Freund等，1991；)和药物依从性(Babbitt，Parish，Brierly，Kohr， 1991年)。在筹资初期，6个研究项目和5名调查人员使用了核心系统。

The Behavior Science Core has a twenty year history echoing that of our MRDDRC as a whole. We have evolved from a relatively focused effort supporting half a dozen projects to a multifaceted resource that, this current funding period, has contributed to the productivity of over 85 projects. This history, together with our current plans, is briefly summarized here. Since its establishment in 1988, the Behavior Science Core has been engaged in hundreds of collaborations and experienced dynamic growth in its capabilities and resources, as would be expected given its mission of providing core support to a large and diverse program of research in our rapidly evolving field of mental retardation (MR) and developmental disabilities (DD). Initially, the Core focused on combining the expertise of applied behavior analysts with that of biomedical scientists interested in studying brain-behavior relationships, patterns of behavior and behavioral symptoms. Under the direction of Michael Cataldo, the Core provided expertise for studying how environmental variables relate to the prevention and reduction of behavior problems in individuals with MR/DD. Behavior analysis expertise was provided to facilitate the interaction between behavioral and biological investigators at the Kennedy Institute and the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. Drs. Cataldo and Keith Slifer, assisted by one Research Associate, originally staffed the Core. The services provided at that time focused on the design of behavioral observation systems, behavioral data collection and analysis. Behavioral measurement was accomplished using standard measures already established in the behavioral literature or by designing customized data collection approaches to meet the unique needs of MRDDRC researchers (e.g. Naidu, Hyman, Piazza et al., 1990; Piazza, Fisher, & Moser, 1991). During the initial funding period, the Core also provided behavior management services that employed principles of learning and behavior to maximize research participant cooperation with study protocols requiring neuroimaging (Reiss, Aylward, Freund et al., 1991;)and medication adherence (Babbitt, Parish, Brierly, Kohr, 1991). During the initial period of funding, six research projects and five investigators utilized the Core.