Gene Environment Contributions to Drug Use and Problem Behavior Trajectories

使用来自Add Health的四波数据，在这个数据分析子项目中，我们将研究 药物使用和相关行为的轨迹，包括行为问题和危险的性行为。遗传 将从与其他生物学、心理学和社会因素的相互作用的角度来研究这些因素对疾病的影响 在一个发展的生命历程框架中。关注吸毒的发展过程和后果 导致了对多巴胺系统遗传多态性的重视，其中一些可以详细检查 通过候选基因的密集单核苷酸多态性（SNP）关联研究。关注 环境对发育的影响导致我们同时考虑环境对基因型的影响 相互作用，并考虑可能介导反应的5-羟色胺系统的遗传多态性 to environmental环境stressors应激and life transitions过渡.我们将：根据经验确定物质使用的轨迹， 从青少年到青年的虐待，并确定反映不同模式的个人亚组 随着时间的推移，物质使用的连续性和变化;描述物质使用的轨迹如何与 性冒险和反社会行为的模式;检查物质使用的轨迹及其协变 与性和反社会行为模式，按性别和种族/民族，以确定是否有模式， 与其他群体相比，某些群体更具特征;检查遗传对物质使用轨迹的贡献 通过对基因对数据进行生物统计分析， 药物使用轨迹和相关的健康结果，通过候选基因的关联测试， 多巴胺能通路中特异性靶基因的高密度SNP作图，涉及对物质的反应 滥用，以及与环境压力或逆境反应有关的β-肾上腺素能通路;检查基因 X环境相互作用在预测物质使用的轨迹，以及相关的行为问题，风险 性行为和相关的健康结果，以及这些相互作用是否因性别或种族/民族而异。

Using four waves of data from Add Health, in this data analysis subproject we will examine the developmental trajectories of drug use and related behaviors, including conduct problems and risky sexual behavior. Genetic contributions will be examined in terms of their interaction with other biological, psychological, and social factors in a developmental life course framework. Attention to the developmental course and consequences of drug use leads to an emphasis on genetic polymorphisms in the dopamine system, some of which can be examined in detail through dense single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) association studies of the candidate genes. Attention to the environmental influences on development leads to our simultaneous consideration of genotype by environment interactions, and to a consideration of genetic polymorphisms of the serotonin system that may mediate responses to environmental stressors and life transitions. We will: empirically determine trajectories of substance use and abuse from adolescence into young adulthood, and identify subgroups of individuals who reflect distinct patterns of continuity and change in substance use over time; describe how trajectories of substance use intersect with patterns of sexual risk taking and anti-social behavior; examine trajectories of substance use, and their covariation with sexual and anti-social behavior patterns, by gender and race/ethnicity to determine if there are patterns that are more characteristic of some groups versus others; examine genetic contributions to substance use trajectories and related health outcomes through biometrical analyses of the genetic pairs data; examine genetic contributions to substance use trajectories and related health outcomes through association tests of candidate genes including dense SNP mapping of specific target genes in the dopaminergic pathways implicated in the response to substances of abuse, and serotonergic pathways implicated in response to environmental stressors or adversity; examine gene X environment interactions in predicting the trajectories of substance use, and associated conduct problems, risky sexual behavior and related health outcomes, and whether these interactions vary by gender or race/ethnicity.