The Relation Between Physical Activity and Cognitive Change in Older Latinos

描述(申请人提供)：认知衰退是一个主要的公共健康问题，与其他老年美国人相比，可能会对拉美裔老年人造成不成比例的影响。来自流行病学研究的越来越多的证据表明，体力活动(PA)是一种可改变的健康行为，可能会改善老年人的认知功能，减少认知衰退。老年拉丁裔没有被纳入关于PA和认知衰退的研究，尽管他们的人数不断增加，认知障碍的风险增加，而且他们的整体健康状况相对较差。这项拟议的研究的目的是探索生活方式PA对拉美裔老年人认知能力下降的影响。这项研究将建立在认知和身体活动社区老年人研究(CAPACES)的基础上，以收集PA数据和认知功能的第二个时间点。CAPACES是一项描述性的横断面研究，调查对象为174名50岁或以上的拉丁裔，他们在基线水平上没有行动不便或痴呆症，从芝加哥大都市区的11个以拉丁裔为主的社区招募。拟议的研究目标是：(1)通过在基线时用自我报告和加速度计测量的生活方式PA对五到六年后测量的拉美裔老年人认知功能变化的影响，控制背景特征(人口统计、文化适应、以前的健康状况)；以及(2)检验PA变化对基线背景特征与认知功能变化之间的关系的中介作用。PA行为将通过使用针对休闲和家庭PA的社区老年人健康活动模式计划(Champs)的自我报告和客观的Actigraph加速计重新评估PA行为，Actigraph加速计捕获PA计数、持续时间和强度。认知功能将通过对执行功能和情景记忆的五项神经认知测试进行重新评估，这两项认知能力最常被证明受到PA的影响。其他衡量标准包括文化适应、糖尿病和高血压病史，以及流行病学研究中心-抑郁量表。分级回归模型将被用来回归控制背景特征的基线PA的五项认知功能测量(结果变量)的变化。将进行调解模型分析，包括五到六年的背景特征、PA的变化和认知功能的变化。这项研究结果将为针对拉美裔老年人的干预措施的发展提供信息，这些干预措施可以增加生活方式PA，以保持随着年龄增长的认知功能。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cognitive decline is a major public health problem that may disproportionately affect older Latinos compared to other older Americans. Growing evidence from epidemiological studies suggests that physical activity (PA), a modifiable health behavior, may improve cognitive function and reduce cognitive decline in older adults. Older Latinos have not been targeted for inclusion in studies of PA and cognitive decline, despite their growing numbers, their increased risk of cognitive impairment, and their relatively poor overall health status. The purpose of the proposed study is to explore the effect of lifestyle PA on cognitive decline in older Latinos. The study will build on the Cognition and Physical Activity Community Elderly Study (CAPACES) to collect a second time-point of PA data and cognitive function. CAPACES is a descriptive, cross-sectional study of 174 Latinos who were 50 years of age or older and without ambulatory disabilities or dementia at baseline, and recruited from 11 predominantly Latino communities in the Chicago metropolitan area. The proposed study aims are: (1) examine the effects of lifestyle PA, as measured with self-report and accelerometer at baseline, on change in cognitive function measured five to six years later in older Latinos, controlling for background characteristics (demographics, acculturation, previous health status); and (2) examine the mediating effects of change in PA on the relation between baseline background characteristics and change in cognitive function. PA behavior will be reassessed subjectively by self-report using the Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS) for leisure and household PA and objectively by the Actigraph accelerometer, which captures PA counts, duration, and intensity. Cognitive function will be reassessed with a battery of five neurocognitive tests of executive function and episodic memory, the cognitive abilities most frequently shown to be influenced by PA. Additional measures include acculturation, history of diabetes and hypertension, and Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale. A hierarchal regression model will be used to regress change in the five cognitive function measures (outcome variables) on baseline PA controlling for background characteristics. A mediation model analysis will be conducted, made up of background characteristics, change in PA, and change in cognitive function over five to six years. The study findings will inform the development of interventions for older Latinos that increase lifestyle PA to maintain cognitive function with age.