Understanding Uncertainties in Radiomics Studies

项目摘要 放射组学是利用肿瘤的纹理，如治疗前所见的计算机断层扫描、正电子发射 体层摄影术或其他图像，以了解有关个别肿瘤的重要信息，如 对治疗的反应。我们已经证明了使用预处理图像来分类是可能的 患者分为低风险(生存良好)和高风险(生存不良)。此外，我们还有一些非常 令人兴奋的数据表明，放射组学方法可以预测是否增加放射剂量 会提高或降低个体患者的总体存活率。然而，在这些放射组学之前 模型可以在临床上实施，在独立的患者数据集中进行验证是必不可少的。一大块 要做到这一点的障碍是，患者并不都是在单个CT扫描仪(或PET扫描仪等)上成像的， 而是对各种不同的扫描仪(不同厂家、型号等)进行了计算 肿瘤纹理的取值受患者所用扫描仪的影响。这意味着 在我们能够正确地验证放射组学模型并将其应用于真实世界的情况之前(意味着 在控制良好的单一机构试验环境之外)，重要的是了解其规模 以及它们对放射组学模型的影响。这方面的知识将有助于指导 未来的研究，以最大限度地减少它们对创建、独立验证和未来使用的影响 放射组学模型。这项工作与许多不同的治疗类型有关，包括化疗- 放射治疗、免疫治疗等。

Project Summary Radiomics is the use of tumor texture, as seen in pre-treatment computed tomography, positron emission tomography or other images, to understand important information about individual tumors, such as response to treatment. We have demonstrated that it is possible to use pre-treatment images to categorize patients as low-risk (good survival) and high-risk (poor survival). Additionally, we have some very exciting data that shows that radiomics approaches can predict whether increasing the radiotherapy dose will improve or reduce the individual patient's overall survival. However, before these radiomics model scan be implemented clinically, validation in independent patient datasets is essential. One big hurdle to this is the fact that patients are not all imaged on a single CT scanner (or PET scanner, etc.), but on a wide range of different scanners (different manufacturers, models, etc.), and the calculated value of tumor texture can be affected by which scanner is used to image patient. This means that before we can properly validate radiomics models, and apply them to real-world situations (meaning outside of the well-controlled, single-institution trial setting), it is important to understand the magnitude of these variabilities, and the impact they have on radiomics models. This knowledge will help direct future research to minimize their impact on the creation, independent validation, and future use of radiomics models. This work is relevant to many different treatment types, including chemo- radiotherapy, immunotherapy, etc.