Chemical Intervention Strategies

对环境质量和安全的关注已经引起人们越来越多地意识到超级基金站点地下水中各种有机和金属污染物的危害，以及（最近）用于人类消费的饮用水和食品。许多这些优先考虑的环境污染物可对健康产生严重和持久的影响。这个问题的范围更广，因为ECs通常是复杂的混合物，它们的毒性和相互作用是不明确的。显然，为修复受污染的食物和水以及预防ec引起的人类疾病制定适当和实际的干预战略是高度优先事项。在这个项目中，我们的具体目标有四个方面，并且基于有效的基于吸附剂的干预措施可以被开发出来，以显着减少来自ec污染的水和食物的暴露（和风险）。进一步假设，可以开发ec选择性复合介质和最佳结合剂来净化地下水，并降低ec在人类和动物胃肠道中的生物利用度。我们的实验将集中在鉴定和研究高亲和力吸附剂和多功能结合剂来修复ec(即多环芳烃，氯化有机物，和有毒金属)通过水净化或通过饮食的肠道吸收疗法。结合剂将包括各种粘土和沸石矿物、生物聚合物和基于抗体的材料，以及化学修饰的类似物和最佳复合混合物。此外，将开发“铁浸渍”和“改性粘土包封”壳聚糖凝胶珠和类似物，并测试它们从水溶液中隔离砷和TCDD的能力，以及它们在子宫内防止砷和TCDD毒性的功效。在项目间合作中，叶酸转运缺陷小鼠和Ah/R敲除小鼠将分别作为砷和TCDD的遗传敏感模型。！在这些研究中，我们将确定作为膳食补充剂提供的优先肠道吸收剂是否可以在以下情况下拯救小鼠免于致畸和发育毒性

Concerns about the quality and safety of our environment have evoked a growing awareness of the hazards associated with diverse organic and metal pollutants in groundwater from Superfund sites and (more recently) drinking water and foods destined for human consumption. Many of these prioritized environmental contaminants (ECs) can have severe and long lasting effects on health. The scope of the problem is broader still, since ECs routinely occur as complex mixtures, the toxicities and interactions of which are ill-defined. Clearly, appropriate and practical intervention strategies for the remediation of contaminated food and water and the prevention of EC-induced disease in humans are high priorities. In this project, our specific aims are fourfold, and based on the central hypothesis that effective sorbent-based interventions can be developed to significantly diminish exposure (and risk) from EC-contaminated water and food. It is further postulated that EC-selective composite media and optimal binding agents can be developed to purify groundwater, as well as diminish the bioavailability of ECs from the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals when included in the diet, Our experiments will focus on identifying and investigating high affinity sorbents and multifunctional binding agents for the remediation of ECs (i.e. PAHs, chlorinated organics, and toxic metals) via water purification or by enterosorbent therapy through the diet. Binding agents will encompass a variety of clay and zeolitic minerals, biopolymers, and antibody-based materials, as well as chemically modified analogs and optimal composite mixtures. Also, "iron-impregnated" and "amended clay-encapsulated" chitosan gel beads and analogs will be developed and tested for their ability to sequester arsenic and TCDD from aqueous solutions and for their efficacy in preventing the toxicity of arsenic and TCDD in utero. In inter-project collaboration, folate transport deficient mice and Ah/R knockout mice will be used as genetically sensitive models for arsenic and TCDD, respectively. !n these studies, we will determine if prioritized enterosorbents, provided as dietary supplements, can rescue mice from teratogenesis and developmental toxicity when challenged by sodium arsenate and TCDD. The long-term goal of this project is to provide innovative chemical and biological interventions that will enhance environmental risk management by reducing exposure of humans and animals to high priority ECs from water and food.