Biology of the Primate Ovarian Surface Epithelium

卵巢表面上皮细胞（OSE）是一种单层细胞，通常在术后进行修复和再生。 自然月经周期中的每次排卵。虽然它只占世界人口的千分之一 卵巢肿块，它引起近90%的人类卵巢癌。我们对它的特征知之甚少 和卵巢周期中OSE的调节，或其生物学作用。长期目标是 该项目旨在了解OSE在卵巢生物学中的作用，以及其活动和调节如何发挥作用 灵长类动物的正常和病理情况。基于对从恒河猴收集的OSE细胞的研究， 猴子与人类OSE细胞有许多共同的特征，因此提出了实验来测试OSE细胞。 假设灵长类OSE：（a）由动态细胞群组成， 增殖、分化和凋亡作为与优势卵巢结构（即， 注定要排卵的卵泡和黄体）和/或由于它们暴露于内分泌 这些结构的产物（即雌激素和孕激素），和（B）是正常卵巢必需的 活动，特别是优势卵泡的及时排卵。恒河猴实验旨在： 具体目标#1：确定表面分布和特征，包括增殖和凋亡 指数，整个月经周期的OSE; 具体目标#2：检查优势卵巢结构（排卵前卵泡和体）的影响 黄体）和类固醇激素（雌二醇和孕酮）对OSE增殖和死亡的影响; 具体目标#3：描述OSE对卵巢功能的必要性，包括排卵、修复和 预防腹膜内粘连。 该项目将首次采用分子和细胞技术来检测基因表达， 在灵长类动物OSE中的增殖和凋亡，并将严格评估其在卵巢功能中的作用， 月经周期将积累详细资料，为进一步审议下列问题提供基础： 导致卵巢功能障碍（例如不孕）和病理学（例如肿瘤发生）的机制。的结果 该项目将产生一个全面的组织档案，用于未来的研究和合作， 其他调查员。

The ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) is a monolayerthat normally undergoes repair and regrowth after each ovulation during natural menstrual cycles. Although it comprises less than 1/1,000th of the entire ovarian mass, it gives rise to nearly 90% of human ovarian cancers. Little is known about the characteristics and regulation of the OSE during the ovarian cycle, or its biological role(s). The long-term objective of this project is to understand the role of the OSE in ovarian biology and how its activities and regulation contribute to normal and pathologic situations in primates. Based on studies of OSE cells collected from rhesus monkeys, which share many characteristics with human OSE cells, experiments are proposed to test the hypotheses that the primate OSE: (a) is comprised of a dynamic population of cells that undergo proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis as a function of proximity to dominant ovarian structures (i.e.the follicle destined to ovulate and the corpus luteum) and/or as a result of their exposure to the endocrine products of these structures (i.e.estrogen and progesterone), and (b) is essential for normal ovarian activities, notably timely ovulation of the dominant follicle. Experiments in rhesus macaques are designed to: Specific Aim #1: determine the surface distribution and characteristics, including proliferative and apoptotic indices, of the OSE throughout the menstrual cycle; Specific Aim #2: examine the effects of the dominant ovarian structures (the preovulatory follicle and corpus luteum), and steroid hormones (estradiol and progesterone) on OSE proliferation and death,and; Specific Aim #3: delineate the necessity of the OSE for ovarian function, including ovulation, repair, and prevention of intraperitoneal adhesions. This project will employ for the first time molecular and cellular techniques to examine gene expression, proliferation, and apoptosis in the primate OSE, and will rigorously evaluate its role in ovarian function during the menstrual cycle. Detailed information will accrue that provides a basis for further considerations of mechanisms leading to ovarian dysfunction (e.g. infertility) and pathology (e.g. tumorigenesis). The result of this project will generate a comprehensive tissue archive to be used in future studies and collaborations with other investigators.