Project 3

摘要：项目3（P3） 背景：电子烟是青少年最常用的烟草产品 成年人了电子烟的使用与该人群随后开始吸烟有关。电子烟产品 多样性（即，产品特性和相关营销策略）可能是FDA产品的目标 标准和营销限制，以减少电子烟对年轻人的不利影响。然而， 在这个问题上几乎没有证据。P3将测试假设的电子烟产品特征和营销 可能吸引不吸烟者并使他们面临使用烟草产品的风险，但不影响 年轻吸烟者采用和转向电子烟的可能性。这些数据将为监管政策提供信息， 符合FDA的使命“保护整个人群”。示例假设的产品特征， 不成比例地吸引从不吸烟者（与吸烟者相比），包括甜味剂（与烟草或其他口味相比）， 用于产生大的气溶胶云以用于“电子烟把戏”的电子烟和电子液体组合物（相对于看起来 感觉像香烟），以及以年轻人为导向的电子液体命名营销策略，如“Kustard Killer”， 有（或没有）卡通形象的包装。方法：P3将在大型中心范围的USC中检验这些假设- TCORS队列（N=6400）由核心人群监督。丰富的纵向收集数据，包括多达8个 年的累积随访将跨越14-24岁的关键发育窗口，在此期间， 终身烟草使用模式在历史上已经确立。目标1.研究以下因素之间的关联：1a）e- 香烟产品的多样性与电子烟的吸引力和兴趣，使用创新的主题内的经验， 心理设计，包括接触产品和营销的静态图像，以及嵌入式vape云的GIF 在计算机化调查界面（在行政核心和其他项目的协助下开发）中， 1b）电子烟兴趣与随后的电子烟启动，以及1c）通过各种产品营销曝光 渠道与电子烟启动。目标二。评估2a）电子烟开始与烟草的关联 产品使用结果（即，电子烟和香烟发展到经常使用、依赖和戒烟）， 及2b）电子烟产品特性及烟草产品的营销风险（经由若干渠道）， UCT使用结果。目标3。为了评估产品特性和营销与外部的关联是否- 在目标1和目标2中观察到，基线从不吸烟者和吸烟者之间存在差异。与“国际化”的融合 产品与人口”主题的部分：P3将研究电子烟产品的各种领域， 与其他USC-TCORS项目研究的领域重叠和互补的多样性。P3唯一 通过比较年轻时（<24岁）的吸烟者，解决了中心的人口多样性问题 不吸烟的人P3还将检查性别，种族/民族，性取向和性别的差异关联。 社会经济地位。FDA科学领域：成瘾、行为和营销。

ABSTRACT: PROJECT 3 (P3) Background: Electronic (e)-cigarettes are the most commonly used tobacco product in adolescents and young adults. E-cigarette use is associated with subsequent cigarette initiation in this population. E-cigarette product diversity (i.e., product characteristics and associated marketing strategies) could be a target for FDA product standards and marketing restrictions to reduce the adverse impact of e-cigarettes in young people. Yet, there has been little evidence on this topic. P3 will test hypothesized e-cigarette product characteristics and marketing strategies that may attract never-smokers and put them at risk for tobacco product use but do not affect the likelihood that young smokers will adopt and switch to e-cigarettes. Such data will inform regulatory policies that meet FDA’s mission to ‘protect the population as a whole.’ Example hypothesized product features that may disproportionately attract never smokers (vs. smokers) include sweet flavors (vs. tobacco or other flavors), de- vices and e-liquid compositions used to generate large aerosol clouds for “vape tricks’ (vs. devices that look and feel like cigarettes), and youth-oriented marketing strategies for e-liquid naming, such as “Kustard Killer,” and packaging with (vs. without) cartoon images. Method: P3 will test these hypotheses in a large Center-wide USC- TCORS cohort (N=6400) overseen by the Population Core. Rich longitudinally collected data, including up to 8 years of cumulative follow-up will span critical developmental windows from 14-24 years of age, during which lifelong tobacco use patterns have historically been established. Aim 1. To investigate the association of: 1a) e- cigarette product diversity with appeal and interest in e-cigarettes, using an innovative within-subject experi- mental design including exposure to still images of products and marketing, and GIFs of vape clouds embedded in computerized survey interface (developed with assistance from the Administrative Core and other projects), 1b) e-cigarette interest with subsequent e-cigarette initiation, and 1c) product marketing exposure via various channels with e-cigarette initiation. Aim 2. To evaluate the association of 2a) e-cigarette initiation with tobacco product use outcomes (i.e., e-cigarette and cigarette progression to regular use, dependence, and cessation), and 2b) e-cigarette product characteristics and marketing exposures (via several channels) with tobacco prod- uct use outcomes. Aim 3. To evaluate whether associations of product characteristics and marketing with out- comes observed in Aims 1 and 2 differ between baseline never-smokers and smokers. Integration with “Inter- sections of Products with Populations” theme: P3 will study a variety of domains of e-cigarette product di- versity that overlap with and complement domains studied by the other USC-TCORS projects. P3 uniquely addresses population diversity in the Center by comparing current smokers while they are still young (age <24) with never-smokers. P3 will also examine differential associations by sex, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, and socioeconomic status. FDA Scientific domains addressed: Addiction, Behavior, and Marketing.