High Speed Angiography at 1000 frames per second

7.项目总结 长期目标是提供史无前例的每秒1000帧的血管成像，基于单帧- 光子计数探测器，但使用标准X射线源(这是目前无法提供给 临床医生)，以实现改进的诊断和介入患者护理。第一套具体目标 包括构建并随后物理测试这一独特的高速血管成像(HSAngio)系统， 能够在3D打印模型上评估其性能以表征详细的血流 以合理的辐射剂量。研究设计是为了获得更大的1000fps的单光子计数 成像探测器(X计数器，通过直接转换)和测试双平面血管成像系统 标准x射线源，添加这些探测器，这样它们就可以通过电动换能器带入 用于评估的FOV。将建立一个特殊的对比度注入器，并与高速图像同步 收购。非均匀造影剂球体和对比度标记微球的图像 将记录颗粒，以确定流线和速度分布 X射线粒子图像测速仪(X-PIV)。这将导致确定壁面剪应力和 与第二组特定目的一起使用的合适的血管内装置功能以调查 详细的流型。这些都可以与计算机理论方法的结果进行比较 流体动力学(CFD)。评估辐射剂量和最佳动态成像之间的折衷 也是这套具体目标的一部分。最后，第三套具体目标是严格评估 与我们的临床合作者一起，高时间分辨率的新可用性的潜在影响 定量、半定量和定性地进行各种操作的成像序列 在3D打印的病人特定的幻影上。我们希望严格测试HSAngio系统 患者特定的病理模型以评估对临床决策的潜在影响 主要用于神经血管内操作，如缺血性卒中的治疗和预测 由于出血性中风后的血管痉挛。最后，我们将通过考虑以下设计来结束 未来的实际临床实施包括更先进的检测器设计以及潜在的 适用于更广泛的应用，如心血管手术。这个项目的结果应该领先于 这一新的成像概念能够极大地改善血管的未来临床测试 通过为临床医生提供图像引导的介入手术，即使在治疗患者时， 首次将血液流动的复杂细节可视化，这对确定 临床操作结果。我们预计，就像我们之前的高空间分辨率探测器NIH- 资助的项目已经转化为实践，这个HSAngio项目最终将成为 在诊断和介入成像方面也是标准的最先进的。

7. Project Summary The long-term goal is to provide unprecedented 1000 frame per second angiography based on single- photon-counting detectors but with standard x-ray sources (a total capability presently unavailable to clinicians) to enable improved diagnostic and interventional patient care. The first set of specific aims include building and then physically testing this unique High Speed Angiography (HSAngio) system, enabling the evaluation of its performance on 3D printed phantoms to characterize detailed blood flow at reasonable radiation doses. The research design is to acquire larger 1000 fps single-photon-counting imaging detectors (Xcounter, by Direct Conversion) and, for a test biplane angiography system with standard x-ray sources, add these detectors so they can be brought, by a motorized changer, into the FOV for evaluation. A special contrast injector will be built and synchronized with the high speed image acquisitions. Images of both non-uniform contrast media globs and contrast labeled microsphere particles will be recorded to enable determination of flow streamlines and velocity distributions from the x-ray particle image velocimetry (X-PIV). These will result in determinations of wall shear stress and proper endovascular device function for use with the second set of specific aims to investigate the detailed flow patterns. These can be compared with those from the theoretical methods of computer fluid dynamics (CFD). Assessing the compromise between radiation dose and optimal dynamic imaging is also part of this set of specific aims. Finally, the third set of specific aims are to rigorously evaluate with our clinical collaborators the potential impact of the new availability of high temporal resolution imaging sequences quantitatively, semi-quantitatively and qualitatively of various procedures carried out on 3D printed patient-specific phantoms. We expect to rigorously test the HSAngio system on patient-specific pathological phantoms to evaluate the potential impact on clinical decision making primarily in neuro-endo vascular procedures such as treatment of and predictions for ischemic stroke due to vasospasm following hemorrhagic stroke. Finally, we will conclude by considering designs for future actual clinical implementation involving more advanced detector designs as well as the potential for wider applications such as to cardiovascular procedures. The results of this project should lead toward future clinical testing of this new imaging concept with the capability to vastly improve vascular image-guided interventional procedures by providing clinicians, even while treating the patient, to visualize for the first time the intricate details of blood flow that can be so crucial to the determination of clinical procedure outcome. We expect that, just as our previous high-spatial-resolution-detector NIH- funded project has been translated to practice, this HSAngio project will eventually become the standard state-of-the art in diagnostic and interventional imaging as well.