Evaluating family economic policies as primary prevention strategies to prevent family and youth violence

项目总结 虐待和忽视儿童、亲密伴侣暴力和青少年暴力是无处不在的、可预防的公共卫生。 具有终生负面影响的问题。家庭经济政策，包括临时援助 贫困家庭(TANF)、最低工资(MW)和劳动所得税抵免(EITC)，提供经济 支持经常面临家庭和青年暴力最大风险的低收入家庭。虽然是家人 经济政策减少暴力的关键风险因素，包括照顾者压力和精神健康问题 由于经济压力，将这些政策作为预防暴力战略的研究有限。 研究经济政策对暴力影响的现有文献在以下方面留下了几个重要空白 知识。研究对将政策与暴力联系起来的调解人的了解有限 结果，未能按种族/族裔充分检查政策对个人的影响，并提供了 对经济政策如何相互作用的理解相对有限，尽管有证据表明 个人经常一次体验不止一种保单。我们的研究试图通过一项 将严格评估TANF、MW和EITC效果的一系列准实验、经验分析 作为虐待儿童、成人IPV和青少年暴力的主要预防战略。我们衡量其影响 关于脆弱家庭和儿童福利队列参与者的经济政策，纵向出生- 出生在相对低收入的城市家庭的孩子，他们是不成比例的 受家庭和青年暴力以及经济政策的影响。我们的研究在几个方面补充了文献 重要的方式。首先，我们的研究是由一个成熟的理论模型--家庭压力模型指导的， 适应家庭和青少年暴力，这指导我们选择照顾者抑郁作为调解人 在政策环境和暴力之间。其次，这项研究通过以下方式明确地检验了政策的效果 种族/民族。我们假设，经济政策可能特别保护那些 与白人相比，生活在贫困中的人比例更高，家庭暴力和青少年暴力的发生率更高 在考虑了收入和其他物质因素后，这些因素消失或逆转。第三，我们能够 利用完整的EITC、TANF和MW政策数据库，单独评估每项政策的效果，并 与其他人协同工作。这项研究通过评估与NCIPC设定的暴力预防优先事项保持一致 社会层面的战略，以防止多种形式的暴力，增强家庭和 为照顾者和他们的孩子采用两代人的方法。

PROJECT SUMMARY Child abuse and neglect, intimate partner violence, and youth violence are pervasive, preventable public health issues with negative lifelong consequences. Family economic policies, including Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), Minimum Wage (MW), and Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC), provide economic support to low-income families who are often at greatest risk of family and youth violence. Although family economic policies reduce key risk factors for violence, including caregiver stress and mental health problems due to economic pressure, there are limited studies examining these policies as violence prevention strategies. Extant literature examining the effect of economic policies on violence have left several important gaps in knowledge. Studies have provided limited understanding of the mediators that link policies to violence outcomes, failed to adequately examine the effect of policies on individuals by race/ethnicity, and offered a relatively limited understanding of how economic policies interact with one another, despite evidence that individuals often experience more than one policy at a time. Our study seeks to fill in these gaps through a series of quasi experimental, empirical analyses that will rigorously evaluate the effect of TANF, MW, and EITC as primary prevention strategies for child maltreatment, adult IPV, and youth violence. We measure the effect of economic policies on participants in the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Cohort, a longitudinal birth- cohort of children born to relatively low-income, urban families who are among those disproportionately affected by family and youth violence and economic policies. Our research adds to the literature in several important ways. First, our research is guided by a well-established theoretical model, the Family Stress Model, adapted for family and youth violence, which guides our selection of caregiver depression as a mediator between the policy environment and violence. Second, this study explicitly examines the effect of policies by race/ethnicity. We hypothesize that economic policies may be especially protective for African Americans who disproportionately live in poverty and experience higher rates of family and youth violence compared to Whites that disappear or are reversed after accounting for income and other material factors. Third, we are able to leverage a complete database of EITC, TANF, and MW policies to evaluate the effect of each policy alone and in synergy with the others. This study aligns with violence prevention priorities set by NCIPC by evaluating societal-level strategies to prevent multiple forms of violence that enhance resiliency within families and incorporate a dual-generation approach for caregivers and their children.